{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T08:00:06Z","timestamp":1789804806148,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,17]],"date-time":"2022-01-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642377600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Molecular Oral Microbiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Streptococcus pyogenes<\/jats:italic>\n                    , a host\u2010restricted gram\u2010positive pathogen during infection, initially adheres to the epithelia of the nasopharynx and respiratory tract of the human host, followed by disseminating to other organs and evading the host immune system. Upon phagocytosis,\n                    <jats:italic>S. pyogenes<\/jats:italic>\n                    encounters oxidative stress inside the macrophages. The role of polyamines in regulating various physiological functions including stress resistance in bacteria has been reported widely. Since\n                    <jats:italic>S. pyogenes<\/jats:italic>\n                    lacks the machinery for the biosynthesis of polyamines, the study aimed to understand the role of extracellular polyamines in the survival of\n                    <jats:italic>S. pyogenes<\/jats:italic>\n                    under oxidative stress environments.\n                    <jats:italic>S. pyogenes<\/jats:italic>\n                    being a catalase\u2010negative organism, we report that its survival within the macrophages and H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    is enhanced by the presence of spermidine. The increased survival can be attributed to the upregulation of oxidative stress response genes such as\n                    <jats:italic>sodM<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>npx<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>mtsABC<\/jats:italic>\n                    . In addition, spermidine influences the upregulation of virulence factors such as\n                    <jats:italic>sagA<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>slo<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>hasA<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Also, spermidine leads to a decrease in hydrophobicity of the cell membrane and an increase in hyaluronic acid. This study suggests a role for extracellular spermidine in the survival of\n                    <jats:italic>S. pyogenes<\/jats:italic>\n                    under oxidative stress environments. Recognizing the factors that modulate\n                    <jats:italic>S. pyogenes<\/jats:italic>\n                    survival and virulence under stress will assist in understanding its interactions with the host.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/omi.12360","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,6]],"date-time":"2022-01-06T23:10:13Z","timestamp":1641510613000},"page":"53-62","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Spermidine enhances the survival of\n                    <i>Streptococcus pyogenes<\/i>\n                    M3 under oxidative stress"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3293-6535","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rajashri","family":"Banerji","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences Symbiosis International (Deemed University)  Pune Maharashtra India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Parvati","family":"Iyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences Symbiosis International (Deemed University)  Pune Maharashtra India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8071-2731","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sunil D.","family":"Saroj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences Symbiosis International (Deemed University)  Pune Maharashtra India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/cbir.1997.0200"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(90)90694-A"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/omi.12315"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/femsle\/fnab079"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.01690-14"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1873-3468.12254"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmm.2013.06.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2007.03.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.2003.03314.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.02035-14"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0119727"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2014.00140"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2019.00137"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00701-17"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0147637"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0408721102"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/femsre\/fuu009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mmi.14410"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.71.5.2656-2664.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0036149"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2014.00127"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10529-013-1286-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M113.454090"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M110.176032"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M110.106419"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.2001.02616.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.71.10.5633-5639.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.71.9.5376-5380.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/medsci6010008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens10030286"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nakamya M. F. Ayoola M. B. Shack L. A. Swiatlo E. &Nanduri B.(2021). Polyamine transport is required for stress responses and capsule production inStreptococcus pneumoniae.","DOI":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-192362\/v1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.154.1.139-145.1983"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00249-005-0025-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0179159"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep26964"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.22.15336"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.70.9.4968-4976.2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep44902"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2016.01176"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI2121"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.042564-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2008.06126.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.2001.4569"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21769\/BioProtoc.2709"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-8-188"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M804632200"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/375029"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00477-08"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","first-page":"581","article-title":"Streptolysin O rapidly impairs neutrophil oxidative burst and antibacterial responses to group A Streptococcus","volume":"6","author":"Uchiyama S.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Frontiers in Immunology"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0081882"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.74.1.352-361.2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. (2005). The current evidence for the burden of group A streptococcal diseases (No. WHO\/FCH\/CAH\/05.07). World Health Organization."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2019.11.001"}],"container-title":["Molecular Oral Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/omi.12360","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/omi.12360","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/omi.12360","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,27]],"date-time":"2023-08-27T02:38:16Z","timestamp":1693103896000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/omi.12360"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,17]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/omi.12360"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/omi.12360","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/OMI.12360\/v1\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/OMI.12360\/v3\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/OMI.12360\/v2\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/OMI.12360\/v3\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/OMI.12360\/v2\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/OMI.12360\/v1\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/OMI.12360\/v1\/review2","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2041-1006","2041-1014"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2041-1006","type":"print"},{"value":"2041-1014","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-09-29","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-12-30","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-01-17","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}