{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T18:09:38Z","timestamp":1788890978119,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,21]],"date-time":"2024-03-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710979200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Molecular Oral Microbiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Considered the second largest and most diverse microbiome after the gut, the human oral ecosystem is complex with diverse and niche\u2010specific microorganisms. Although evidence is growing for the importance of oral microbiome in supporting a healthy immune system and preventing local and systemic infections, the influence of craniomaxillofacial (CMF) trauma and routine reconstructive surgical treatments on community structure and function of oral resident microbes remains unknown. CMF injuries affect a large number of people, needing extensive rehabilitation with lasting morbidity and loss of human productivity. Treatment efficacy can be complicated by the overgrowth of opportunistic commensals or multidrug\u2010resistant pathogens in the oral ecosystem due to weakened host immune function and reduced colonization resistance in a dysbiotic oral microbiome.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>To understand the dynamics of microbiota's community structure during CMF injury and subsequent treatments, we induced supra\u2010alveolar mandibular defect in Hanford miniature swine (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a03) and compared therapeutic approaches of immediate mandibullar reconstructive (IMR) versus delayed mandibullar reconstructive (DMR) surgeries.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Using bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA gene marker sequencing, the composition and abundance of the bacterial community of the uninjured maxilla (control) and the injured left mandibula (lingual and buccal) treated by DMR were surveyed up to 70\u2010day post\u2010wounding. For the injured right mandibula receiving IMR treatment, the microbial composition and abundance were surveyed up to 14\u2010day post\u2010wounding. Moreover, we measured sera level of biochemical markers (e.g., osteocalcin) associated with bone regeneration and healing. Computed tomography was used to measure and compare mandibular bone characteristics such as trabecular thickness between sites receiving DMR and IMR therapeutic approaches until day 140, the end of study period.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Independent of IMR versus DMR therapy, we observed similar dysbiosis and shifts of the mucosal bacteria residents after CMF injury and\/or following treatment. There was an enrichment of <jats:italic>Fusobacterium<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Porphyromonadaceae<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Bacteroidales<\/jats:italic> accompanied by a decline in <jats:italic>Pasteurellaceae<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Moraxella<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Neisseria<\/jats:italic> relative abundance in days allotted for healing. We also observed a decline in species richness and abundance driven by reduction in temporal instability and inter\u2010animal heterogeneity on days 0 and 56, with day 0 corresponding to injury in DMR group and day 56 corresponding to delayed treatment for DMR or injury and immediate treatment for the IMR group. Analysis of bone healing features showed comparable bone\u2010healing profiles for IMR vs. DMR therapeutic approach.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/omi.12460","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,21]],"date-time":"2024-03-21T12:41:14Z","timestamp":1711024874000},"page":"381-392","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Identification of temporal shifts of oral bacteria in bone regeneration following mandibular bone defect injury and therapeutic surgery in a porcine model"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Fatemeh","family":"Sanjar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Combat Wound Care Group, US Army Institute of Surgical Research JBSA Fort Sam Houston  San Antonio Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David T.","family":"Silliman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Combat Wound Care Group, US Army Institute of Surgical Research JBSA Fort Sam Houston  San Antonio Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian J.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Combat Wound Care Group, US Army Institute of Surgical Research JBSA Fort Sam Houston  San Antonio Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zayer","family":"Htut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Walter Reed Army Institute of Research  Silver Spring Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Trent J.","family":"Peacock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Office of Research Compliance, Mississippi State University  Meridian Mississippi USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samira F.","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Carl R. Darnall Army Medical Center, Fort Hood Dental Activities\u2010AEGD  Fort Hood Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory R.","family":"Dion","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Combat Wound Care Group, US Army Institute of Surgical Research JBSA Fort Sam Houston  San Antonio Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Md A.","family":"Nahid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Walter Reed National Military Medical Center  Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John F.","family":"Decker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Carl R. Darnall Army Medical Center, Fort Hood Dental Activities\u2010AEGD  Fort Hood Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kai P.","family":"Leung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Combat Wound Care Group, US Army Institute of Surgical Research JBSA Fort Sam Houston  San Antonio Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s\u20100031\u20101293520"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cid.12061"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02688697.2020.1859461"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.2276"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537\u2010200110000\u201000004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SAP.0000000000000194"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866\u2010020\u201001801\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11400"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jomfp.JOMFP_304_18"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00542\u201010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41522\u2010018\u20100068\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa044264"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","first-page":"20","article-title":"The enhancement of bacterial infections by adrenaline","volume":"29","author":"Evans D. 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