{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T19:39:08Z","timestamp":1783021148880,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Molecular Oral Microbiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Porphyromonas gingivalis<\/jats:italic>\n                    (Pg), a key pathogen in periodontal disease, is suggested to be involved in the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD); however, the molecular mechanism remains unclear. We previously reported that Pg\u2010released outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) were detected in the brains of mice after intraperitoneal administration. We here investigated the effects of Pg OMVs on astrocytes, the most abundant glial cells in the central nervous system, which are involved in neuroinflammation. We demonstrated that Pg OMVs increased the expression of interleukin\u20106 (IL\u20106) mRNA, which is associated with the pathogenesis of AD, in a Toll\u2010like receptor (TLR)2\/4\u2010independent manner in human astrocyte SVG p12 cells. Whole\u2010genome sequencing revealed that Pg OMVs contained Pg genomic DNA, which was critical for IL\u20106 mRNA induction. The tracking of fluorescent\u2010labeled Pg OMV\u2010associated DNA revealed that Pg OMVs were transported into SVG p12 cells. Endocytosis inhibitors attenuated IL\u20106 mRNA expression induced by Pg OMVs, suggesting that the incorporation of Pg OMVs by endocytosis is important for IL\u20106 mRNA induction. Furthermore, the incorporated Pg OMV\u2010associated DNA increased IL\u20106 mRNA expression via the TLR9 pathway. Our study advances understanding of the role of Pg OMVs, which may contribute to the onset and progression of AD in periodontal disease.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/omi.70030","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T11:24:36Z","timestamp":1775042676000},"page":"227-238","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["<i>Porphyromonas gingivalis<\/i>\n                    Outer Membrane Vesicles\u2010Associated DNA Triggers Inflammation by Inducing IL\u20106 in Astrocytes"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Ayu","family":"Takai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Healthcare Promotion Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Tokushima University  Tokushima 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