{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T11:56:42Z","timestamp":1789905402346,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,11]],"date-time":"2013-12-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1386720000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Preventable sight loss is one of the Public Health Outcome Indicators in England. Despite availability of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NHS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \u2010funded eye examinations, many people do not take up their entitlement. This paper explores older adults understanding of eye health and the purpose of eye examinations and the reasons why they do or do not attend for eye examinations. The aim is to provide evidence to inform policy on increasing uptake of eye examinations among older people who have increased risk of preventable sight loss.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>10 focus\u2010group meetings were held with people living in deprived areas of Leeds, recruited via community groups and neighbourhood networks. Focus groups were transcribed and a thematic analysis approach was used.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The majority of participants were aged over 60, wore spectacles, and had regular eye examinations. Most were eligible for a\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NHS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \u2010funded eye examination. There was poor knowledge about eye disease and the purpose of different elements of the eye examination. Participants felt very vulnerable about getting the tests \u2018wrong\u2019 and looking foolish. Wearing of spectacles was associated with appearing old and frail. Many did not trust the veracity of optometrists, and perceived opticians to be expensive places, where it was difficult to control spending. Many had experienced \u2018hard sell\u2019 and opaque pricing. Most, but not all, were happy with the optometric services received. Participants indicated a preference for utilising a local optometrist located alongside other familiar health care services.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Not\u2010for\u2010profit services co\u2010located with other public services are needed to address concerns about cost of spectacles, lack of trust in optometrists, and poor access to eye examinations in local settings. It will also be important to raise public understanding about the purpose of eye examinations in terms of other causes of preventable sight loss and not just refractive error and need for spectacles.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/opo.12100","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,11]],"date-time":"2013-12-11T01:47:41Z","timestamp":1386726461000},"page":"38-45","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["Why don't older adults in\n                    <scp>E<\/scp>\n                    ngland go to have their eyes examined?"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Darren","family":"Shickle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Academic Unit of Public Health University of Leeds Leeds UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcus","family":"Griffin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academic Unit of Public Health University of Leeds Leeds UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-1313.2004.00197.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.316.7145.1643"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1076\/vimr.4.1.1.15635"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-1313.2005.00307.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000213695"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","unstructured":"NHS Choices.Am I entitled to a free NHS eye test?http:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/chq\/Pages\/895.aspx?CategoryID=68&SubCategoryID=157 accessed 10\/10\/13."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","unstructured":"Office of National Statistics 2010\u2010based national Population projections.www.ons.gov.uk\/ons\/rel\/npp\/national-population-projections\/2010-based-projections\/rft-table-a3-4-principal-projection&#x2014;england-population-single-year-of-age.xls accessed 3\/6\/13."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","unstructured":"Department of Health.How often can I have a free NHS eye test.http:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/chq\/Pages\/1093.aspx?CategoryID=68&SubCategoryID=157 accessed 10\/10\/13."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","unstructured":"The NHS Information Centre.General Ophthalmic Services Activity Statistics \u2013 England; Year Ending 31 March 2011.https:\/\/catalogue.ic.nhs.uk\/publications\/primary-care\/eye-care\/gene-opht-serv-acti-eng-2011\/gene-opht-serv-acti-eng-2011-rep.pdf accessed 10\/10\/13."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","unstructured":"Optical Confederation.Optics at a Glance 2011.Optical Confederation:London 2011.www.aop.org.uk\/uploads\/media_centre\/optics-at-a-glance_dec2011.pdf accessed 10\/10\/13."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","unstructured":"HaydenC.The barriers and enablers that affect access to primary and secondary eye care services across England Wales Scotland and Northern Ireland. RNIB report: RNIB\/CEP\/IR\/01 2012 accessed 10\/10\/13."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-007-0668-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","volume-title":"Transforming Qualitative Information","author":"Boyatzis RE","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/10518-189"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/opo.12099"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1369-7625.2004.00309.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","first-page":"179","article-title":"Understanding of the purpose of an eye test among people aged 60 and over in the UK","volume":"11","author":"McLaughlan B","year":"2010","journal-title":"Optom Pract"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.eye.6702461"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2008.42"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/09654281111108562"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.82.7.780"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000090574"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5993\/AJHB.32.5.10"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0017896906067777"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","volume-title":"Older People and Eye Tests: don't Let Age Rob You of Your Sight","author":"Conway L","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-1313.2009.00686.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2010.73"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","unstructured":"Public Health Action Support Team.Care needs assessment: eye health findings and recommendations.PHAST:London 2009.www.towerhamlets.gov.uk accessed 10\/10\/13."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2004.03.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0b013e3181bb4212"}],"container-title":["Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fopo.12100","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/opo.12100","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]],"date-time":"2026-01-07T11:23:43Z","timestamp":1767785023000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/opo.12100"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,11]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/opo.12100"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/opo.12100","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0275-5408","1475-1313"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0275-5408","type":"print"},{"value":"1475-1313","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2013-07-18","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2013-10-27","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2013-12-11","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}