{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T19:29:15Z","timestamp":1771356555327,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,23]],"date-time":"2014-04-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1398211200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004319","name":"Pfizer","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004319","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the impact of a postgraduate training module on optometrists\u2019 clinical decision\u2010making in relation to the diagnosis and management of primary open\u2010angle glaucoma.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A group of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">U<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      nited\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">K<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ingdom community optometrists (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a053) were assessed immediately before and again 3\u00a0months after completing a 3\u2010day didactic postgraduate university module on the diagnosis and management of glaucoma. A smaller control cohort (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a020), who did not receive the intervention, was recruited and completed the same assessments on two occasions, separated by approximately 3\u00a0months. The assessments comprised: knowledge of five key features of the optic disc in glaucoma, performance on a computer program (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">D<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      iscus) that assessed the ability to differentiate normal from glaucomatous discs and a clinical decision\u2010making exercise using case\u2010based scenarios.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The scores for the knowledge of important disc features for the intervention cohort significantly increased from a median of 2\/5 to 5\/5 post\u2010intervention (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001). For the control cohort, the difference in median scores between the two tests was not significant. Analysing the performance of the intervention cohort using the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">D<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      iscus program showed no significant improvement in ability to diagnose a glaucomatous disc following the intervention [mean area under the receiver operating characteristic curve pre\u2010intervention\u00a0=\u00a00.85 (95%\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      : 0.76\u20130.91), post\u2010intervention\u00a0=\u00a00.84 (95%\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      : 0.76\u20130.91)]. Similarly, there were no statistically significant differences in mean areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve between tests for the control cohort, although both cohorts compared favourably with a previously published\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">D<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      iscus data set from a panel of experts in disc analysis (mean area\u00a0=\u00a00.87). For the clinical decision\u2010making exercise the median test score for the intervention cohort was unchanged pre\u2010 and post\u2010intervention.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The results of the present study suggest that a traditional didactic approach, in isolation, is unlikely to be suited to training optometrists to achieve or develop the clinical competencies required for glaucoma detection and management. Consideration should be given to the development of specialist postgraduate training that is more practice\u2010based, provides opportunities for active learning and includes strategies for feedback and reinforcement.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/opo.12126","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,23]],"date-time":"2014-04-23T04:42:21Z","timestamp":1398228141000},"page":"376-384","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["The impact of postgraduate training on\n                    <scp>UK<\/scp>\n                    optometrists\u2019 clinical decision\u2010making in glaucoma"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Joy","family":"Myint","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vision and Hearing Sciences Anglia Ruskin University Cambridge UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David F.","family":"Edgar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Optometry and Visual Science Henry Wellcome Laboratories for Vision Sciences City University London London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ian E.","family":"Murdoch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Glaucoma Unit Moorfields Eye Hospital London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John G.","family":"Lawrenson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Optometry and Visual Science Henry Wellcome Laboratories for Vision Sciences City University London London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.07-1501"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2004.064378"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","unstructured":"General Optical 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