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The effects of vision impairment as indicated by (1) near visual acuity, (2) contrast sensitivity, (3) self\u2010reported cataracts and (4) self\u2010reported other eye conditions (e.g., glaucoma, macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, optic neuritis, and retinopathy) among participants randomised to either\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SPT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      or a social\u2010 and computer\u2010contact control group was assessed. The primary outcome was Useful Field of View Test (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UFOV<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) performance.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Mixed repeated\u2010measures\n                      <jats:sc>ancova<\/jats:sc>\n                      s demonstrated that those randomized to\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SPT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      experienced greater baseline to post\u2010test improvements in\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UFOV<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      performance relative to controls (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      's\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001), regardless of impairments in near visual acuity, contrast sensitivity or presence of cataracts. Those with other eye conditions significantly benefitted from training (\n                      <jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\n                      <jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n                      0.044), but to a lesser degree than those without such conditions. Covariates included age and baseline measures of balance and depressive symptoms, which were significantly correlated with baseline\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UFOV<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      performance.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among a community\u2010based sample of older adults with and without visual impairment and eye disease, the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SPT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      intervention was effective in enhancing participants'\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UFOV<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      performance. The analyses presented here indicate the potential for\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SPT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      to enhance\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UFOV<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      performance among a community\u2010based sample of older adults with visual impairment and potentially for some with self\u2010reported eye disease; further research to explore this area is warranted, particularly to determine the effects of eye diseases on\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SPT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      benefits.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/opo.12148","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,26]],"date-time":"2014-08-26T23:21:48Z","timestamp":1409095308000},"page":"509-518","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Cognitive speed of processing training in older adults with visual impairments"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Amanda F.","family":"Elliott","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Nursing University of South Florida Tampa USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melissa L.","family":"O'Connor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Development and Family Science North Dakota State University Fargo USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jerri D.","family":"Edwards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Aging Studies University of South Florida Tampa USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2013.02.003","article-title":"Alzheimer's disease facts and figures","volume":"9","author":"Alzheimer's Association","year":"2013","journal-title":"Alzheimer's Dement"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","volume-title":"The Vision Problems in the U.S.: Prevalence of Adults Vision Impairment and Age\u2010Related Eye Disease in America","author":"Prevent Blindness America, National Eye Institute","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.22362"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2318-13-71"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.94.5.823"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2007.01093.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1076\/opep.10.1.3.13773"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1532-5415.2002.50019.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1532-5415.2002.50609.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Summary health statistics for U.S. adults: National Health Interview Survey, 2011. 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