{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T14:14:01Z","timestamp":1773324841199,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,7]],"date-time":"2014-11-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1415318400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81070751, 81170870, 81271039 and 81422007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81070751, 81170870, 81271039 and 81422007"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"973 project","award":["2011CB504602"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2011CB504602"]}]},{"name":"National Young Excellent Talents Support Program"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004731","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["LZ14H120001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LZ14H120001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004731","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Program for Cultivation of High-level Innovative Health Talents","award":["2008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2008"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study investigated whether pilocarpine and cyclopentolate induce changes in ocular biometry of guinea pigs, in order to understand if guinea pigs have a similar response to these two agents as humans do.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Under general anaesthesia, refraction, axial components and surface curvature in various optical interfaces of the eye were measured in 10 guinea pigs (age of 2\u00a0weeks) at baseline (0\u00a0min) and different time points (5, 10, 20, 30, 60, 90\u00a0min) after topical administration of pilocarpine or cyclopentolate. The interval between the two drug treatments for the same animals was at least 24\u00a0h.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Eyes treated with pilocarpine developed approximately 6D myopia (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001 from 0 to 90\u00a0min) with a decrease in anterior lens radius of curvature (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ALRC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001 from 0 to 90\u00a0min, repeated measures\n                      <jats:sc>anova<\/jats:sc>\n                      ). This myopic shift was moderately correlated to the decreased\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ALRC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.48,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001). Furthermore, a small but significant increase in the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VCD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001 from 0 to 30\u00a0min, repeated measures\n                      <jats:sc>anova<\/jats:sc>\n                      ) with an unchanged\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AL<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.85 from 0 to 90\u00a0min, repeated measures\n                      <jats:sc>anova<\/jats:sc>\n                      ) after the drug treatment suggested a transient and mild forward movement of the lens. Cyclopentolate dilated the pupil in all eyes (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001 from 0 to 90\u00a0min, repeated measures\n                      <jats:sc>anova<\/jats:sc>\n                      ) but did not change other ocular parameters.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The muscarinic agonist, pilocarpine induced a myopic shift mainly due to a decrease in\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ALRC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      , suggesting that guinea pigs have an accommodative mechanism similar to that in humans. The minimal changes produced by cyclopentolate could be due to the use of general anaesthesia, which may have reduced the susceptibility of the eye to topical cyclopentolate in the induction of cycloplegia.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/opo.12166","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,7]],"date-time":"2014-11-07T01:37:01Z","timestamp":1415324221000},"page":"60-69","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Effects of muscarinic receptor modulators on ocular biometry of guinea pigs"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Fang","family":"Fang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital Wenzhou Medical College Zhejiang China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base and Key Laboratory of Vision Science Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Optometry Ministry of Health P.R. 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