{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T03:16:44Z","timestamp":1785208604440,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,18]],"date-time":"2016-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1455753600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011779","name":"Brien Holden Vision Institute","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011779","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Australian Commonwealth Government's Co-operative Research Centre program"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,3]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Purpose<\/jats:title>\n \n To investigate the effects of the duration of contact lens (\n CL<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) wear on the meibomian glands (\n MG<\/jats:styled-content>\n s), eyelid and tear film.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n This was a cross\u2010sectional study of\n CL<\/jats:styled-content>\n wearers and non\u2010wearers (\n NW<\/jats:styled-content>\n s) aged between 18 and 35\u00a0years. The sample comprised of: (i) Three groups of\n CL<\/jats:styled-content>\n wearers of different duration profiles (short, moderate and long experience of\n CL<\/jats:styled-content>\n wear); (ii) a group of previous\n CL<\/jats:styled-content>\n wearers (\n PW<\/jats:styled-content>\n s) who had ceased wear for at least 6\u00a0months prior to the present study; (iii) healthy non\u2010wearers as a control group. Study procedures were conducted in the order from least invasive to most invasive as follows: symptom assessment, lipid assessment, non\u2010invasive break\u2010up time, tear meniscus area, tear osmolarity and evaporation, Phenol red thread,\n MG<\/jats:styled-content>\n expressibility, ocular surface and eyelid assessments, meibography, Marx line and lid wiper assessment using lissamine green. For statistical comparison of continuous data, one\u2010way analysis of variance was used with Bonferroni\n post\u2010hoc<\/jats:italic>\n correction, where appropriate. Kruskal\u2013Wallis test and Pearson Chi\u2010Square respectively were used for ordinal and categorical variables.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n A total of 100 participants (49 males and 51 females; mean age \u00b1\n SD<\/jats:styled-content>\n : 25.4\u00a0\u00b1\u00a04.1) were enrolled across the five groups, such that each was composed of 20 age\/sex matched individuals. Significant differences between the study groups were found for\n MG<\/jats:styled-content>\n expressibility (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0<\u00a00.001), number of plugged orifices (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a00.001), number of expressed orifices (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0<\u00a00.001),\n MG<\/jats:styled-content>\n dropout (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a00.001), Marx line score (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0<\u00a00.001), palpebral redness (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a00.003), and roughness (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a00.002), non\u2010invasive break\u2010up time (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0<\u00a00.001), Phenol red thread (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a00.005), and tear meniscus area (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a00.029). For all these variables, the\n NW<\/jats:styled-content>\n group was statistically different from all other groups. Duration of wear was not a significant factor, except for Marx line score which was different in\n PW<\/jats:styled-content>\n s compared to those with longer experience of\n CL<\/jats:styled-content>\n wear (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a00.03)\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n \n Alterations to\n MG<\/jats:styled-content>\n morphology and function accompany contact lens wear. Although these changes onset during the first 2\u00a0years of wear, prolonged\n CL<\/jats:styled-content>\n exposure beyond this point does not appear to be associated with further modification. Cessation of wear for at up to 6\u00a0months does not lead to resolution.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/opo.12278","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,20]],"date-time":"2016-02-20T02:51:20Z","timestamp":1455936680000},"page":"120-131","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":81,"title":["Impact of duration of contact lens wear on the structure and function of the meibomian glands"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Waleed M.","family":"Alghamdi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Brien Holden Vision Institute Sydney Australia"},{"name":"School of Optometry & Vision Science University of New South Wales Sydney Australia"},{"name":"Vision Cooperative Research Centre Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Markoulli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Optometry & Vision Science University of New South Wales Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brien A.","family":"Holden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brien Holden Vision Institute Sydney Australia"},{"name":"School of Optometry & Vision Science University of New South Wales Sydney Australia"},{"name":"Vision Cooperative Research Centre Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2955-3277","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eric B.","family":"Papas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brien Holden Vision Institute Sydney Australia"},{"name":"School of Optometry & Vision Science University of New South Wales Sydney Australia"},{"name":"Vision Cooperative Research Centre Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ico.0000248382.32143.86"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0892-8967(01)00040-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.10-6997e"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.13-13187"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.10-6997c"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.10-6997d"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","first-page":"243","article-title":"Meibomian gland dysfunction and contact lens intolerance","volume":"51","author":"Korb DR","year":"1980","journal-title":"J Am Optom Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","first-page":"690","article-title":"Meibomian stenosis and soft contact lenses","volume":"58","author":"Molinari JF","year":"1981","journal-title":"Am J Optom Physiol Opt"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.65.2.108"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006324-199009000-00010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-1313.1990.tb00968.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2008.10.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.05-1392"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006324-199401000-00013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.11-7427"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-5359-5_121"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.10-6997b"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.10-6997f"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003226-199605000-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.06.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ico.0000227889.11500.6f"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.13-11914"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0b013e318269c90d"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clae.2009.12.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","unstructured":"Tear Film & Ocular Surface Society web site; Dry Eye Questionnaire; Available at:http:\/\/www.tearfilm.org\/dewsreport\/pdfs\/Questionnaire%20DEQ%20questionnaire%20(Caffery).pdf.2002."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006324-200001000-00012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0b013e3181b598cd"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(03)00245-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clae.2012.10.074"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02713683.2011.631721"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","first-page":"669","article-title":"Marx line: fluorescein staining line on the inner lid as indicator of meibomian gland function","volume":"141","author":"Yamaguchi M","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","first-page":"210","article-title":"Tarsal abnormalities: a new grading system","volume":"24","author":"Lofstrom T","year":"1998","journal-title":"Eye & Contact Lens"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1475-1313.1999.00420.x-i1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","first-page":"211","article-title":"Lid\u2010wiper epitheliopathy and dry\u2010eye symptoms in contact lens wearers 1","volume":"28","author":"Korb DR","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eye Contact Lens"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1475-1313.1998.00378.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0b013e31824eeb07"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0b013e3182a7f3e1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/opo.12096"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1542-0124(12)70083-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clae.2010.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2015.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003226-199207000-00012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000000279"}],"container-title":["Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fopo.12278","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/opo.12278","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]],"date-time":"2026-01-07T11:24:15Z","timestamp":1767785055000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/opo.12278"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,18]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/opo.12278"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/opo.12278","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0275-5408","1475-1313"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0275-5408","type":"print"},{"value":"1475-1313","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2015-11-11","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2016-01-05","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2016-02-18","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}