{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T00:41:51Z","timestamp":1776732111767,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,11]],"date-time":"2022-04-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1649635200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Previous studies have shown that time spent outdoors is protective against myopia development in children. In this study, we examined the effects of 500 and 1000\u00a0lux of illumination to the eye on axial length (AL) and choroidal thickness (CT) changes in young adults.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fifteen participants (mean age, 21.60\u00a0years [2.16]) with a mean refraction of \u22120.34 D (0.37) were exposed to 500 and 1000\u00a0lux of illumination for 120\u00a0min in a dark room on two different days, using a pair of light\u2010emitting glasses. Ocular measurements were repeated on an additional day in darkness (~5\u00a0lux). Ocular biometrics and CT were measured and analysed in the right eye before the light exposure (0\u00a0min), after 30, 60 and 120\u00a0min of exposure and 30\u00a0min after light offset to measure recovery using the Lenstar biometer and the Cirrus optical coherence tomographer, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Exposure to 500 and 1000\u00a0lux of illumination resulted in a significant reduction in AL at 30, 60 and 120\u00a0min compared to darkness (AL change at 120\u00a0min: darkness, +0.020\u00a0mm [0.004]; 500\u00a0lux, \u22120.006\u00a0mm [0.004]; 1000 lux, \u22120.013\u00a0mm [0.004];\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001). Exposure to 500 and 1000\u00a0lux caused a significant overall thickening of the subfoveal choroid compared to darkness (CT change across 120\u00a0min: darkness, \u22120.010\u00a0mm [0.007]; 500\u00a0lux, +0.006\u00a0mm [0.005]; 1000\u00a0lux, +0.009\u00a0mm [0.003],\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.02). Ocular changes were not significantly different between the two illumination levels (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&gt;\u00a00.05) and returned to baseline within 30\u00a0min of light offset.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Exposure to mild\u2010 or moderate\u2010intensity illumination on the eye can induce a significant short\u2010term reduction in AL and an increase in CT in young adults. Future studies on larger cohorts with varying light intensities are needed to better understand the effects of ocular illumination on AL changes in humans.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/opo.12988","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,11]],"date-time":"2022-04-11T08:34:12Z","timestamp":1649666052000},"page":"762-772","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Effects of mild\u2010 and moderate\u2010intensity illumination on short\u2010term axial length and choroidal thickness changes in young adults"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8850-1907","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ranjay","family":"Chakraborty","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Optometry and Vision Science Flinders University  Adelaide South Australia Australia"},{"name":"Caring Futures Institute Flinders University  Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Konogan","family":"Baranton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center Innovation &amp; Technologies Europe Essilor International SAS  Charenton\u2010le\u2010Pont France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Spiegel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Essilor Asia Pacific Pte Ltd.  Singapore City Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pascale","family":"Lacan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center Innovation &amp; Technologies Europe Essilor International SAS  Charenton\u2010le\u2010Pont France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthias","family":"Guillon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center Innovation &amp; Technologies Europe Essilor International SAS  Charenton\u2010le\u2010Pont France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Coralie","family":"Barrau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center Innovation &amp; Technologies Europe Essilor International SAS  Charenton\u2010le\u2010Pont France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thierry","family":"Villette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center Innovation &amp; Technologies Europe Essilor International SAS  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