{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:19:50Z","timestamp":1787015990735,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,13]],"date-time":"2023-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673568000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005809","name":"Hyderabad Eye Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Given the possible role of spectral composition of light and myopia, this study aimed at investigating the variation in the spectral composition of ambient light in different (a) outdoor\/indoor locations, (b) time of a day and (c) seasons.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The spectral power distribution (SPD), categorised into short (380\u2013500\u2009nm), middle (505\u2013565\u2009nm) and long wavelengths (625\u2013780\u2009nm), was recorded using a handheld spectrometer at three outdoor locations (\u2018open playground\u2019, \u2018under shade of tree\u2019 and \u2018canopy\u2019) and three indoor locations (\u2018room with multiple windows\u2019, \u2018closed room\u2019 and \u2018closed corridor\u2019). Readings were taken at five different time points (3\u2010h intervals between 6:30 and 18:00 hours) on two\u2009days, each during the summer and monsoon seasons.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The overall median SPD (IQR [25th\u201075th percentile] W\/nm\/m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) across the three outdoor locations (0.11 [0.09, 0.12]) was 157 times higher than that of the indoor locations (0.0007 [0.0001, 0.001]). Considerable locational, diurnal and seasonal variation was observed in the distribution of the median SPD value, with the highest value being recorded in the \u2018open playground\u2019 (0.27 [0.21, 0.28]) followed by \u2018under shade of tree\u2019 (0.083 [0.074, 0.09]), \u2018canopy\u2019 (0.014 [0.012, 0.015]) and \u2018room with multiple windows\u2019 (0.023 [0.015, 0.028]). The relative percentage composition of short, middle and long wavelengths was similar in both the outdoor and indoor locations, with the proportion of middle wavelengths significantly higher (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u20090.01) than short and long wavelengths in all the locations, except \u2018canopy\u2019.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Irrespective of variation in SPD values with location, time, day and season, outdoor locations always exhibited significantly higher spectral power than indoor locations. The relative percentage composition of short, middle and long wavelengths of light was similar across all locations. These findings establish a foundation for future research to understand the relationship between spectral power and the development of myopia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/opo.13085","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,13]],"date-time":"2023-01-13T12:30:46Z","timestamp":1673613046000},"page":"220-230","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Influence of location, season and time of day on the spectral composition of ambient light: Investigation for application in myopia"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"43","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7722-7065","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rohit","family":"Dhakal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Myopia Research Lab, Prof. Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, Infor Myopia Centre L V Prasad Eye Institute  Hyderabad India"},{"name":"Centre for Applied Vision Research, School of Health 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