{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T17:20:03Z","timestamp":1789060803176,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,30]],"date-time":"2022-12-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672358400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate changes in relative peripheral refraction (RPR) associated with myopia progression in children who wore single\u2010vision (SV) lenses for 2\u2009years and switched to Defocus Incorporated Multiple Segments (DIMS) lenses in the third year versus children who wore DIMS lenses for 3\u2009years.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In the first 2\u2009years, children were allocated randomly to wear either DIMS or SV lenses. In the third year, children in the DIMS group continued to wear these lenses, while those in the SV group were switched to DIMS lenses (Control\u2010to\u2010DIMS group). Central and peripheral refraction and axial length were monitored every 6\u00a0months.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Over 3\u2009years, the DIMS group (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a065) showed good myopia control and maintained a relatively constant and symmetrical RPR profile without significant changes. In the first 2\u2009years, children who wore SV lenses (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a055) showed asymmetrical RPR changes, with significant increases in hyperopic RPR at 20\u00b0 nasal (N) (mean difference: 0.88\u2009\u00b1\u20091.06\u2009D,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.0001) and 30N (mean difference: 1.07\u2009\u00b1\u20091.09\u2009D,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.0001). The Control\u2010to\u2010DIMS group showed significant myopia retardation after wearing DIMS lenses in the third year. When compared with the RPR changes in the first 2\u2009years, significant reductions in hyperopic RPR were observed at 20N (mean difference: \u22121.14\u2009\u00b1\u20091.93\u2009D,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.0001) and 30N (mean difference: \u22121.07\u2009\u00b1\u20091.17\u2009D,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.0001) in the third year. However, no significant difference between the RPR changes found in the nasal retina and temporal retina (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&gt;\u20090.05) was noted in the third year.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Symmetrical changes in RPR were found in children switching from SV to DIMS lenses, and a symmetrical pattern of RPR was noted in children who wore DIMS for 3\u2009years. Myopia control using myopic defocus in the mid\u2010periphery influenced the RPR changes and retarded myopia progression by altering the eye's growth pattern.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/opo.13086","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,30]],"date-time":"2022-12-30T05:07:54Z","timestamp":1672376874000},"page":"319-326","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Changes in relative peripheral refraction in children who switched from single\u2010vision lenses to Defocus Incorporated Multiple Segments lenses"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"43","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4932-1887","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Han Yu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine Nankai University Tianjin China"},{"name":"Centre for Myopia Research, School of Optometry The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Kowloon Hong Kong SAR"},{"name":"Centre for Eye and Vision Research (CEVR) Shatin Hong Kong SAR"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6808-5018","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carly Siu Yin","family":"Lam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Myopia Research, School of Optometry The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Kowloon Hong Kong SAR"},{"name":"Centre for Eye and Vision Research (CEVR) Shatin Hong Kong SAR"},{"name":"Research Centre for SHARP Vision (RCSV) The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Kowloon Hong Kong SAR"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wing Chun","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Myopia Research, School of Optometry The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Kowloon Hong Kong SAR"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul H.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Southampton Clinical Trials Unit University of Southampton Southampton UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7561-9121","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dennis Y.","family":"Tse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Myopia Research, School of Optometry The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Kowloon Hong Kong SAR"},{"name":"Centre for Eye and Vision Research (CEVR) Shatin Hong Kong SAR"},{"name":"Research Centre for SHARP Vision (RCSV) The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Kowloon Hong Kong SAR"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chi Ho","family":"To","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Myopia Research, School of Optometry The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Kowloon Hong Kong SAR"},{"name":"Centre for Eye and Vision Research (CEVR) Shatin Hong Kong SAR"},{"name":"Research Centre for SHARP Vision (RCSV) The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Kowloon Hong Kong SAR"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.08.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.05-0445"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.06-1264"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.visres.2009.07.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000306646"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","first-page":"1235","article-title":"Have we misinterpreted the study of Hoogerheide et al. 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