{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T23:43:48Z","timestamp":1789688628669,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,7]],"date-time":"2023-03-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678147200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010663","name":"H2020 European Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["648268"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["648268"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003246","name":"Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["91815655"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["91815655"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003246","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003246","name":"Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DBI2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DBI2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003246","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003246","name":"Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TTW\/00798883"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TTW\/00798883"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003246","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003246","name":"Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NWO\u2010ALW 824.02.001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NWO\u2010ALW 824.02.001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003246","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001826","name":"ZonMw","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["91120067"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["91120067"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001826","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To study the effectiveness of high\u2010dose atropine for reducing eye growth in Mendelian myopia in children and mice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We studied the effect of high\u2010dose atropine in children with progressive myopia with and without a monogenetic cause. Children were matched for age and axial length (AL) in their first year of treatment. We considered annual AL progression rate as the outcome and compared rates with percentile charts of an untreated general population.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We treated C57BL\/6J mice featuring the myopic phenotype of Donnai\u2013Barrow syndrome by selective inactivation of\n                      <jats:italic>Lrp2<\/jats:italic>\n                      knock out (KO) and control mice (CTRL) daily with 1% atropine in the left eye and saline in the right eye, from postnatal days 30\u201356. Ocular biometry was measured using spectral\u2010domain optical coherence tomography. Retinal dopamine (DA) and 3,4\u2010dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) were measured using high\u2010performance liquid chromatography.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Children with a Mendelian form of myopia had average baseline spherical equivalent (SE) \u20137.6\u00a0\u00b1\u20092.5D and AL 25.8\u00a0\u00b1\u20090.3\u2009mm; children with non\u2010Mendelian myopia had average SE \u22127.3\u00a0\u00b1\u20092.9\u2009D and AL 25.6\u00a0\u00b1\u20090.9\u2009mm. During atropine treatment, the annual AL progression rate was 0.37\u2009\u00b1\u20090.08 and 0.39\u2009\u00b1\u20090.05\u2009mm in the Mendelian myopes and non\u2010Mendelian myopes, respectively. Compared with progression rates of untreated general population (0.47\u2009mm\/year), atropine reduced AL progression with 27% in Mendelian myopes and 23% in non\u2010Mendelian myopes\n                      <jats:italic>.<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>Atropine significantly reduced AL growth in both KO and CTRL mice (male, KO: \u221240\u2009\u00b1\u200915; CTRL: \u221242\u2009\u00b1\u200910; female, KO: \u221253\u2009\u00b1\u200915; CTRL: \u221262\u2009\u00b1\u20093\u00a0\u03bcm). The DA and DOPAC levels 2 and 24\u2009h after atropine treatment were slightly, albeit non\u2010significantly, elevated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>High\u2010dose atropine had the same effect on AL in high myopic children with and without a known monogenetic cause. In mice featuring a severe form of Mendelian myopia, atropine reduced AL progression. This suggests that atropine can reduce myopia progression even in the presence of a strong monogenic driver.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/opo.13115","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,8]],"date-time":"2023-03-08T00:35:25Z","timestamp":1678235725000},"page":"494-504","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Myopia control in Mendelian forms of myopia"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"43","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1501-6761","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emilie","family":"van der Sande","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department Ophthalmology Erasmus Medical Center  Rotterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department Epidemiology Erasmus Medical Center  Rotterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan Roelof","family":"Polling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department Ophthalmology Erasmus Medical Center  Rotterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department Epidemiology Erasmus Medical Center  Rotterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Departments Orthoptics and Optometry Hogeschool Utrecht  Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3042-8783","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J. Willem L.","family":"Tideman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department Ophthalmology Erasmus Medical Center  Rotterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department Epidemiology Erasmus Medical Center  Rotterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department Ophthalmology Martini Hospital  Groningen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magda A.","family":"Meester\u2010Smoor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department Ophthalmology Erasmus Medical Center  Rotterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department Epidemiology Erasmus Medical Center  Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberta A. H. J.","family":"Thiadens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department Ophthalmology Erasmus Medical Center  Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6883-6136","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emily","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department Ophthalmology Erasmus Medical Center  Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chris I.","family":"De\u00a0Zeeuw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience  Amsterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department Neuroscience Erasmus Medical Center  Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ralph","family":"Hamelink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience  Amsterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department Psychiatry Amsterdam University Medical Centers  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ingo","family":"Willuhn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience  Amsterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department Psychiatry Amsterdam University Medical Centers  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Virginie J. 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