{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]],"date-time":"2026-01-07T14:17:14Z","timestamp":1767795434086,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,31]],"date-time":"2023-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680220800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000053","name":"National Eye Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EY010597"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EY010597"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000053","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000053","name":"National Eye Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EY026588"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EY026588"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000053","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000053","name":"National Eye Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EY028953"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EY028953"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000053","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To create a simplified model of the eye by which we can specify a key optical characteristic of the crystalline lens, namely its power.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cycloplegic refraction and axial length were obtained in 60 eyes of 30 healthy subjects at eccentricities spanning 40\u00b0 nasal to 40\u00b0 temporal and were fitted with a three\u2010dimensional parabolic model. Keratometric values and geometric distances to the cornea, lens and retina from 45 eyes supplied a numerical ray tracing model. Posterior lens curvature (PLC) was found by optimising the refractive data using a fixed lens equivalent refractive index (). Then,  was found using a fixed PLC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Eccentric refractive errors were relatively hyperopic in eyes with central refractions \u2264\u22121.44 D but relatively myopic in emmetropes and hyperopes. Posterior lens power, which cannot be measured directly, was derived from the optimised model lens. There was a weak, negative association between derived PLC and central spherical equivalent refraction. Regardless of refractive error, the posterior retinal curvature remained fixed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>By combining both on\u2010 and off\u2010axis refractions and eye length measurements, this simplified model enabled the specification of posterior lens power and captured off\u2010axis lenticular characteristics. The broad distribution in off\u2010axis lens power represents a notable contrast to the relative stability of retinal curvature.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/opo.13133","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,31]],"date-time":"2023-03-31T09:01:49Z","timestamp":1680253309000},"page":"815-826","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Modelling eye lengths and refractions in the periphery"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"43","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-4852-7219","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ramkumar","family":"Ramamirtham","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology Boston Children's Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8049-1812","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James D.","family":"Akula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology Boston Children's Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Ophthalmology Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amber\u2010Lee K.","family":"Curran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology Boston Children's Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Justyna","family":"Szczygiel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology Boston Children's Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Annie M.","family":"Lancos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology Boston Children's Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9539-4070","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafael","family":"Grytz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences University of Alabama at Birmingham  Birmingham Alabama USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R. 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