{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,14]],"date-time":"2026-06-14T14:20:13Z","timestamp":1781446813845,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,3]],"date-time":"2023-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688342400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000053","name":"National Eye Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NEI T35EY007088"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NEI T35EY007088"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000053","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000053","name":"National Eye Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NIH P30 EY007551"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIH P30 EY007551"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000053","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007144","name":"University of Houston","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007144","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Purpose<\/jats:title>\n Intracranial pressure increases in head\u2010down tilt (HDT) body posture. This study evaluated the effect of HDT on the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) in normal subjects.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n Twenty six healthy adults (age 28 [4.7]\u2009years) participated in seated and 6\u00b0 HDT visits. For each visit, subjects presented at 11:00\u2009h for baseline seated scans and then maintained a seated or 6\u00b0 HDT posture from 12:00 to 15:00\u2009h. Three horizontal axial and three vertical axial scans were obtained at 11:00, 12:00 and 15:00\u2009h with a 10\u2009MHz ultrasonography probe on the same eye, randomly chosen per subject. At each time point, horizontal and vertical ONSD (mm) were quantified by averaging three measures taken 3\u2009mm behind the globe.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n In the seated visit, ONSDs were similar across time (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009>\u20090.05), with an overall mean (standard deviation) of 4.71 (0.48) horizontally and 5.08 (0.44) vertically. ONSD was larger vertically than horizontally at each time point (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.001). In the HDT visit, ONSD was significantly enlarged from baseline at 12:00 and 15:00\u2009h (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.001 horizontal and\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.05 vertical). Mean (standard error) horizontal ONSD change from baseline was 0.37 (0.07) HDT versus 0.10 (0.05) seated at 12:00\u2009h (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.002) and 0.41 (0.09) HDT versus 0.12 (0.06) seated at 15:00\u2009h (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.002); mean vertical ONSD change was 0.14 (0.07) HDT versus \u22120.07 (0.04) seated at 12:00\u2009h (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.02) and 0.19 (0.06) HDT versus \u22120.03 (0.04) seated at 15:00\u2009h (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.01). ONSD change in HDT was similar between 12:00 and 15:00\u2009h (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009\u2265\u20090.30). Changes at 12:00\u2009h correlated with those at 15:00\u2009h for horizontal (\n r<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.78,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.001) and vertical ONSD (\n r<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.73,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.001).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n The ONSD increased when body posture transitioned from seated to HDT position without any further change at the end of the 3\u2009h in HDT.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/opo.13200","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,4]],"date-time":"2023-07-04T02:39:27Z","timestamp":1688438367000},"page":"1531-1539","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Effects of head\u2010down tilt on optic nerve sheath diameter in healthy subjects"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Jessica J.","family":"Ustick","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Optometry University of Houston Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura P.","family":"Pardon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Optometry University of Houston Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5205-7573","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pratik","family":"Chettry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Optometry University of Houston Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1772-2611","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nimesh B.","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Optometry University of Houston Houston Texas 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