{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T21:50:29Z","timestamp":1789681829765,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,6]],"date-time":"2023-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1691280000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To compare axial elongation (AE) and treatment zone (TZ) characteristics in children wearing 6\u2009mm or 5\u2009mm back optic zone diameter (BOZD) orthokeratology (ortho\u2010k) lenses over 2\u2009years.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Forty\u2010five (6 to &lt;11\u2009years of age) myopic (\u22124.00 to \u22120.75 D) children of Chinese ethnicity were randomly assigned to use the two different lens designs (23 and 22 wore the 6 and 5\u2009mm lenses, respectively). Data collection was performed at baseline and every 6\u2010months after commencing lens wear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      After 24\u2009months, subjects wearing lenses with a 5\u2009mm BOZD achieved smaller TZ diameter (horizontal: 2.69\u2009\u00b1\u20090.28 vs. 3.84\u2009\u00b1\u20090.39\u2009mm; vertical: 2.65\u2009\u00b1\u20090.22 vs. 3.42\u2009\u00b1\u20090.34\u2009mm,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and less AE (0.15\u2009\u00b1\u20090.21 vs. 0.35\u2009\u00b1\u20090.23,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.005) compared to those using the 6\u2009mm design, with no difference in choroidal thickness (ChT) changes (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.93). A significant increase in ChT, using pooled data analysis, was noted at the 6\u2010month (11.8\u2009\u00b1\u200919.77\u2009\u03bcm,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and 12\u2010month (12.0\u2009\u00b1\u200923.7\u2009\u03bcm,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.004) visits, compared to baseline, indicating a transient change in ChT. Significant associations were noted, using linear mixed models, between AE and the TZ diameters (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.003) after adjusting for baseline data. A very weak association was found between ChT changes and AE, with the effect size close to zero.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Smaller BOZD ortho\u2010k lenses resulted in a smaller TZ diameter, which was associated with less AE after 2\u2009years of treatment. The changes in ChT played a very weak role, suggesting that other factors may contribute more to the reduced AE in subjects wearing lenses having a smaller BOZD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/opo.13208","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,7]],"date-time":"2023-08-07T00:46:22Z","timestamp":1691369182000},"page":"1449-1461","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Variation of Orthokeratology Lens Treatment Zone (\n                    <scp>VOLTZ<\/scp>\n                    ) Study: A 2\u2010year randomised clinical trial"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"43","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6282-8143","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Biyue","family":"Guo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Myopia Research, School of Optometry The Hong Kong Polytechnic University  Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sin Wan","family":"Cheung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Myopia Research, School of Optometry The Hong Kong Polytechnic University  Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Randy","family":"Kojima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Optometry, Pacific University  Forest Grove Oregon USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7866-7513","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pauline","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Myopia Research, School of Optometry The Hong Kong Polytechnic University  Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 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