{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]],"date-time":"2026-01-24T10:25:11Z","timestamp":1769250311173,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,23]],"date-time":"2023-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1692748800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006108","name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UL1 TR002733"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1 TR002733"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006108","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000053","name":"National Eye Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U10 EY023204"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U10 EY023204"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000053","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000053","name":"National Eye Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U10EY023206"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U10EY023206"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000053","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000053","name":"National Eye Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U10 EY023208"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U10 EY023208"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000053","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000053","name":"National Eye Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U10 EY023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U10 EY023"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000053","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To validate Pediatric Refractive Error Profile 2 (PREP2) subscales that can be used to evaluate contact lens wearers and compare vision\u2010specific quality of life measurements between children wearing multifocal and single vision contact lenses for 2\u2009weeks.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Two hundred and ninety\u2010four myopic children aged 7\u201311\u2009years (inclusive) were enrolled in the 3\u2010year, double\u2010masked Bifocal Lenses In Nearsighted Kids (BLINK) Study. Participants completed the PREP2 survey after having worn contact lenses for 2\u2009weeks. The Vision, Symptoms, Activities and Overall PREP2 subscales were used to compare participants' subjective assessment while wearing +1.50 or +2.50 D add multifocal or single vision contact lenses. Rasch analysis was used to validate each subscale and to compare participants' subjective assessment of contact lens wear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Item fit to the Rasch model was good for all scales, with no individual items having infit mean square statistics outside the recommended range (0.7\u20131.3). Response category function was acceptable for all subscales, with ordered category thresholds. Measurement precision, assessed by the Rasch person reliability statistic, was less than ideal (\u22650.8) for three of the subscales, but met the minimum acceptable standard of 0.5. Scores for the Vision subscale differed by treatment assignment (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.03), indicating that participants with the highest add power reported statistically worse quality of vision, although the difference was only 3.9\u2009units on a scale of 1\u2013100. Girls reported fewer symptoms than boys (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.006), but there were no other differences between boys and girls.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Rasch analysis demonstrates that the PREP2 survey is a valid instrument for assessing refractive error\u2010specific quality of life. These results suggest that vision\u2010related quality of life is not meaningfully affected by 2\u2009weeks of soft multifocal contact lens wear for myopia control.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/opo.13216","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,23]],"date-time":"2023-08-23T04:10:38Z","timestamp":1692763838000},"page":"1491-1499","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Quality of life after wearing multifocal contact lenses for myopia control for 2\u2009weeks in the\n                    <scp>BLINK<\/scp>\n                    Study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Anita","family":"Ticak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Houston College of Optometry  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9503-6094","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeffrey J.","family":"Walline","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Ohio State University College of Optometry  Columbus Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David A.","family":"Berntsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Houston College of Optometry  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Donald O.","family":"Mutti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Ohio State University College of Optometry  Columbus Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lisa A.","family":"Jones\u2010Jordan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Ohio State University College of Optometry  Columbus Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Cardenas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Houston College of Optometry  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Day","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Ohio State University College of Optometry  Columbus Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bradley E.","family":"Dougherty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Ohio State University College of Optometry  Columbus Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"The BLINK Study Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2017-311266"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.16-20243"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archophthalmol.2009.303"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.01.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-1313.2005.00298.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2012.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","volume-title":"World report on vision","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.opx.0000221401.33776.54"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0b013e3182812205"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0b013e3181e6a1c8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ICL.0b013e31804f80fb"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","article-title":"Validation of the pediatric refractive error profile 2","volume":"89","author":"Andersen C","year":"2012","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.05-0933"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.10-5341"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000001106"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000000030"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000001053"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/opo.12770"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2008.08.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","volume-title":"Probabilistic models for some intelligence and achievement tests","author":"Rasch G","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-007-6857-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","unstructured":"LinacreJM.A user's guide to WINSTEPS MINISTEP Rasch\u2010Model computer programs. 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