{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T19:58:50Z","timestamp":1787169530274,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,26]],"date-time":"2023-12-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1703548800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the short\u2010term (1\u2009week after completion of treatment) effect of office\u2010based vergence and anti\u2010suppression therapy (OBVAT) on the Office Control Score when compared to observation alone in children with small\u2010to\u2010moderate angle intermittent exotropia (IXT).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this single\u2010masked (examiner masked), two\u2010arm, single\u2010centre randomised clinical trial, 40 participants, 6 to &lt;18\u2009years of age with untreated IXT, were randomly assigned to OBVAT or observation alone. Participants assigned to therapy received 60\u2009min of OBVAT with home reinforcement once per week for 16\u2009weeks. Therapy included vergence, accommodation and anti\u2010suppression techniques. The primary outcome measure was the comparison of the distance Office Control Score between the two groups at the primary outcome visit (i.e., 17\u2010week follow\u2010up visit).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      At the primary outcome visit, the OBVAT group (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200920) had a significantly better distance Office Control Score (adjusted mean difference: \u22120.9; 95% CI: \u22120.2 to \u22121.5;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.008; partial eta squared: 0.19) than the observation group (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200916). Participants from the OBVAT group were more likely than those from the observation group to have \u22651 point of improvement at the 17\u2010week visit (OBVAT group: 75%; Observation group: 25%;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.006).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this randomised clinical trial of participants aged 6 to &lt;18\u2009years with IXT, we found that the OBVAT group had a significantly better distance Office Control Score than the observation group at the 17\u2010week visit. This study provides the first data from a randomised clinical trial demonstrating the effectiveness of OBVAT for improving the control of IXT. Eye care practitioners should consider OBVAT as a viable, non\u2010surgical treatment option for IXT. A full\u2010scale randomised clinical trial investigating the long\u2010term effectiveness of OBVAT in treating IXT is warranted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/opo.13264","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,26]],"date-time":"2023-12-26T06:09:45Z","timestamp":1703570985000},"page":"356-377","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Office\u2010based vergence and anti\u2010suppression therapy for the treatment of small\u2010to\u2010moderate angle intermittent exotropia: A randomised clinical trial"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4066-5061","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin Ming\u2010Leung","family":"Ma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9274-5696","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mitchell","family":"Scheiman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pennsylvania College of Optometry at Salus University  Elkins Park Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiwen","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuelian","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liuqing","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiayu","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guangxing","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guohui","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Divergence excess and basic exotropia types of intermittent exotropia: a major review. 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