{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T04:56:35Z","timestamp":1773118595625,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,27]],"date-time":"2023-12-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1703635200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Professor George Smelser was a scientist who played a crucial role in advancing the understanding of the anatomical and physiological changes within the cornea during contact lens wear. In a series of unique experiments conducted in the early 1950s, using both humans and animal models, his research team provided the first conclusive evidence that contact lenses impaired the delivery of atmospheric oxygen to the cornea, resulting in an excess of lactate within the cornea and a subsequent ingress of water, leading to corneal oedema and disturbed vision (Sattler's veil). This historical note reviews the career of George Smelser, with particular emphasis on his contributions to understanding the importance of atmospheric oxygen in maintaining corneal homeostasis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/opo.13265","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,27]],"date-time":"2023-12-27T08:33:33Z","timestamp":1703666013000},"page":"787-791","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["George K. Smelser (1908\u20131973): Atmospheric oxygen and the corneal response to contact lens wear"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5998-1320","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephen J.","family":"Vincent","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Optometry and Vision Science, Centre for Vision and Eye Research Queensland University of Technology  Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/physzool.6.3.30151365"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.11.4.352"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3181\/00379727-31-7466"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3181\/00379727-31-7467"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.95.2476.607"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.33.10.593"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1957.sp005758"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(14)75260-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Editorial","volume":"1","author":"Berens C","year":"1962","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3181\/00379727-35-8883P"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(44)90115-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3181\/00379727-62-15447"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","article-title":"Maintenance of transparency and normal hydration in the cornea of fish and mammals","volume":"117","author":"Smelser GK","year":"1953","journal-title":"Anat Rec"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0028-1124338"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","first-page":"9","article-title":"Isadore Finkelstein, O.D., PhD. (January 6, 1905 \u2013 March 13, 1965): optometric scientist and scholar, inspirational teacher, and stalwart of the profession \u2010 a tribute!","volume":"33","author":"Enoch J","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hindsight"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(52)90946-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","unstructured":"MullerA.Brillenglaser und Hornhautlinsen. Thesis; University of Kiel Germany.1889."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","first-page":"215","article-title":"A contact\u2010lens","volume":"17","author":"Fick AE","year":"1888","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.33.9.555"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.30.10.607"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006324-194712000-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0141-7037(80)80018-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_1","first-page":"1675","article-title":"Contact lens solutions and their wearing time","volume":"37","author":"Goodlaw E","year":"1946","journal-title":"Optometric Weekly"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006324-195204000-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006324-195205000-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.115.2980.140.a"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1952.01700030336007"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1953.00920020344010"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1955.00930010684009"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_31_1","first-page":"241","article-title":"The corneal lens \u2013 a new type of plastic lens","volume":"2","author":"Nugent MW","year":"1948","journal-title":"Ann West Med Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_32_1","first-page":"897","article-title":"George K. Smelser, 1908\u20131973","volume":"13","author":"Coulombre AJ","year":"1974","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4835(74)90109-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1974.03900060529020"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(74)90751-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_36_1","first-page":"904","article-title":"George K. Smelser, 1908\u20131973","volume":"13","author":"De Voe AG","year":"1974","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_37_1","article-title":"In memory of Prof. G.K. Smelser","volume":"30","author":"Vrabec F","year":"1974","journal-title":"Cesk Oftalmol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_38_1","article-title":"Dr. George K. Smelser","volume":"13","author":"Kaufman H","year":"1974","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_39_1","unstructured":"Viewpoint.The Department of Ophthalmology Columbia University at the Edward S. Harkness Eye Institute Autumn1998;10."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003226-198801000-00001"}],"container-title":["Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/opo.13265","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]],"date-time":"2026-01-07T11:24:19Z","timestamp":1767785059000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/opo.13265"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,27]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/opo.13265"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/opo.13265","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0275-5408","1475-1313"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0275-5408","type":"print"},{"value":"1475-1313","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-09-28","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-12-07","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-12-27","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}