{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T23:36:20Z","timestamp":1790120180380,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,17]],"date-time":"2024-01-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1705449600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>With the rising prevalence of myopia, especially among the young, orthokeratology (Ortho\u2010K) stands out as a promising approach, not only to reduce myopia but also to control the progression of axial length (AL). This study examined how the intersection area between the pupil and defocus ring influenced retinal defocus and axial growth after Ortho\u2010K.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A case\u2013control study was conducted with 100 participants (100 eyes). Both AL and the refraction difference value (RDV), that is, the peripheral refractive error measured with respect to the central value after wearing Ortho\u2010K lenses, were determined. Subjects were categorised into two groups based on the size of the intersection area after 3\u2009months of lens wear: Group A (&lt;4.58\u2009mm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) and Group B (\u22654.58\u2009mm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      ).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Group B demonstrated significantly lower changes in AL and RDV at 30\u201340\u00b0 and 40\u201353\u00b0 compared with Group A after 3\u2009months of lens wear (all\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). After 6\u2009months of lens wear, Group B showed significantly lower changes in AL and RDV in the 40\u201353\u00b0 region compared with Group A (all\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Correlation analysis revealed that as the intersection area increased, the changes in AL and RDV at 0\u201353\u00b0, 30\u201340\u00b0 and 40\u201353\u00b0 eccentricity decreased after both 3 and 6\u2009months of lens wear (all\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A larger intersection area between the pupil and defocus ring within a certain time period can cause a greater amount of myopic defocus at 30\u201353\u00b0 from the fovea. The results suggest that a larger intersection area might lead to more effective control of axial growth.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/opo.13276","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,18]],"date-time":"2024-01-18T00:07:53Z","timestamp":1705536473000},"page":"472-480","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Impact of pupil and defocus ring intersection area on retinal defocus"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Yujuan","family":"Guo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Eye School of Chengdu University of Traditional Medicine  Chengdu China"},{"name":"Ophthalmology Beijing Ming Vision  Beijing China"},{"name":"Ineye Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Medicine  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingxu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eye School of Chengdu University of Traditional Medicine  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuting","family":"Tong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eye School of Chengdu University of Traditional Medicine  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoqi","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eye School of Chengdu University of Traditional Medicine  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siyao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eye School of Chengdu University of Traditional Medicine  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eye School of Chengdu University of Traditional Medicine  Chengdu China"},{"name":"Ineye Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Medicine  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuqin","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eye School of Chengdu University of Traditional Medicine  Chengdu China"},{"name":"Ophthalmology Beijing Ming Vision  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9836-1706","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuehua","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eye School of Chengdu University of Traditional Medicine  Chengdu China"},{"name":"Ophthalmology Beijing Ming Vision  Beijing China"},{"name":"Ineye Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Medicine  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/519276a"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.01.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2015-307724"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000001489"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40662\u2010021\u201000267\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6989(94)90088-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.05-0445"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ICL.0000000000000132"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0b013e318293657d"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2018.11.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2022.e11699"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2012.11.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000000034"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02713683.2019.1673438"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/5530162"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/opo.12981"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.777685"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.715640"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3928\/1081-597X-20030901-10"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02713680590907256"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.13-12527"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02713683.2016.1221979"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000000826"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clae.2021.101532"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12998\/wjcc.v9.i30.8985"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08164622.2022.2113330"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","first-page":"668","article-title":"The relationship between pupil diameter and myopia control effect of corneal reshaping lenses","volume":"18","author":"Jian J","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0b013e31826c1831"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ICL.0000000000000818"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/opo.12834"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10020336"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clae.2022.101755"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000001888"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886\u2010022\u201002396\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010019\u201049041\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0b013e318164e49d"}],"container-title":["Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/opo.13276","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]],"date-time":"2026-01-07T11:24:12Z","timestamp":1767785052000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/opo.13276"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,17]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/opo.13276"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/opo.13276","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0275-5408","1475-1313"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0275-5408","type":"print"},{"value":"1475-1313","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-08-09","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-12-29","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-01-17","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}