{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T04:58:48Z","timestamp":1768193928632,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,11]],"date-time":"2024-07-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1720656000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100023233","name":"National Institute for Health and Care Research Applied Research Collaboration Oxford and Thames Valley","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NIHR202821"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIHR202821"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100023233","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Degeneration in choroideremia, unlike typical centripetal photoreceptor degenerations, is centred temporal to the fovea. Once the fovea is affected, the nasal visual field (temporal retina) is relatively spared, and the preferred retinal locus shifts temporally. Therefore, when reading left to right, only the right eye reads into a scotoma. We investigate how this unique property affects the ability to read an eye chart.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Standard\u2010 and low\u2010luminance visual acuity (VA) for right and left eyes were measured with the Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) chart. Letters in each line were labelled by column position. The numbers of letter errors for each position across the whole chart were summed to produce total column error scores for each participant. Macular sensitivity was assessed using microperimetry. Central sensitivity asymmetry was determined by the temporal\u2010versus\u2010nasal central macular difference and subsequently correlated to a weighted ETDRS column error score. Healthy volunteers and participants with X\u2010linked retinitis pigmentosa GTPase regulator associated\n                      <jats:italic>retinitis pigmentosa<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>RPGR<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010RP) were used as controls.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Thirty\u2010nine choroideremia participants (median age 44.9\u2009years [IQR 35.7\u201353.5]), 23\n                      <jats:italic>RPGR<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010RP participants (median age 30.8\u2009years [IQR 26.5\u201340.5]) and 35 healthy controls (median age 23.8\u2009years [IQR 20.3\u201329.0]) were examined. In choroideremia, standard VA in the right eye showed significantly greater ETDRS column errors on the temporal side compared with the nasal side (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.002). This significantly correlated with greater asymmetry in temporal\u2010versus\u2010nasal central macular sensitivity (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.04). No significant patterns in ETDRS column errors or central macular sensitivity were seen in the choroideremia left eyes, nor in\n                      <jats:italic>RPGR<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010RP and control eyes.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Difficulty in tracking across lines during ETDRS VA testing may cause excess errors independent of true VA. VA assessment with single\u2010letter optotype systems may be more suitable, particularly for patients with choroideremia, and potentially other retinal diseases with asymmetric central macular sensitivity or large central scotomas including geographic atrophy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/opo.13356","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,11]],"date-time":"2024-07-11T07:12:27Z","timestamp":1720681947000},"page":"1188-1201","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Investigating the impact of asymmetric macular sensitivity on visual acuity chart reading in choroideremia"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4293-4691","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kwame A.","family":"Baffour\u2010Awuah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Oxford Eye Hospital Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust  Oxford 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K.","family":"Jolly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuffield Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences University of Oxford  Oxford UK"},{"name":"Vision and Eye Research Institute Anglia Ruskin University  Cambridge UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert E.","family":"MacLaren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oxford Eye Hospital Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust  Oxford UK"},{"name":"Nuffield Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences University of Oxford  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(82)90197-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006324-197611000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","first-page":"119","article-title":"Comparison of 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