{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T20:05:05Z","timestamp":1787169905575,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,8]],"date-time":"2024-11-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731024000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the short\u2010term (1\u2009week after completion of treatment) effect of office\u2010based vergence and anti\u2010suppression therapy (OBVAT) on binocular vision and accommodative function when compared to observation alone in children with small\u2010to\u2010moderate angle intermittent exotropia (IXT).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this single\u2010masked (examiner masked), two\u2010arm, single\u2010centre randomised clinical trial, 40 participants, 6 to &lt;18\u2009years of age with untreated IXT were randomly assigned to OBVAT or observation alone. Participants assigned to therapy received 16\u2009weeks of OBVAT (60\u2009min per visit, once per week) with home reinforcement (15\u2009min per day, 5\u2009days a week). Therapy included vergence, accommodation and anti\u2010suppression techniques. This paper reports the results of clinical measures of binocular vision and accommodation, including fusional vergence, near point of convergence, vergence facility, amplitude of accommodation, the Worth 4\u2010dot test and the Fusion Maintenance Score (FMS).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Treatment group differences at the primary outcome visit significantly favoured the OBVAT group (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200920) over the observation group (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200916) in negative fusional vergence break point at both distance (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009\u2264\u20090.001;\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.58) and near (adjusted mean difference: 12.3 \u0394; 95% CI: 5.3\u201319.3 \u0394;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.001; partial eta squared: 0.28), positive fusional vergence break point at both distance (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.009;\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.43) and near (adjusted mean difference: 20.6 \u0394; 95% CI: 11.8\u201329.4 \u0394;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009\u2264\u20090.001; partial eta squared: 0.41), vergence facility (adjusted mean difference: 5.6\u2009cpm; 95% CI: 1.9\u20139.4\u2009cpm;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.005; partial eta squared: 0.22) and the FMS (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.007;\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.44).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this randomised clinical trial of participants aged 6 to &lt;18\u2009years with IXT, those in the OBVAT group had a significantly better fusional vergence range, vergence facility, near Worth 4\u2010dot test result and FMS than the observation group at the 17\u2010week visit. The improvement in these areas further support the effectiveness of OBVAT for improving IXT.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/opo.13415","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,8]],"date-time":"2024-11-08T08:59:48Z","timestamp":1731056388000},"page":"50-66","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Effect of office\u2010based vergence and anti\u2010suppression therapy on binocular vision and accommodation in small\u2010to\u2010moderate angle intermittent exotropia: A randomised clinical trial"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4066-5061","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin Ming\u2010Leung","family":"Ma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Zhongshan Ophthalmic Centre, Sun Yat\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou 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