{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T22:17:58Z","timestamp":1790979478183,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":102,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,12]],"date-time":"2024-11-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731369600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To summarise pooled estimates of the efficacies of various myopia control interventions, as drawn from published meta\u2010analyses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      PubMed, SCOPUS and Web of Science were searched from inception to February 2024 for systematic reviews and meta\u2010analyses reporting treatment effects of various myopia control strategies. The qualities of the included meta\u2010analyses were assessed using the 16\u2010item\n                      <jats:italic>A MeaSurement Tool to Assess systematic Reviews<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>AMSTAR<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) 2. An intervention was defined as having a clinically significant effect if it resulted in a change in spherical equivalent refraction (SER) of \u22650.50 D\/year or axial length (AL) change of \u2264\u22120.18\u2009mm\/year.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 38 studies were identified. The overall respective changes in SER and AL, mean difference (95% CI) were high\u2010concentration (\u22650.5%) atropine 0.67 D (0.58\u20130.77) and\u2009\u22120.24\u2009mm (\u22120.36 to \u22120.11); moderate\u2010concentration (&gt;0.05% to &lt;0.5%) atropine 0.48 D (0.34\u20130.62) and\u2009\u22120.23\u2009mm (\u22120.27 to \u22120.19); low\u2010concentration (0.01%, 0.025%, 0.05%) atropine 0.33 D (0.23\u20130.43) and\u2009\u22120.14\u2009mm (\u22120.19 to \u22120.09); orthokeratology \u22120.47\u2009mm (\u22120.66 to \u22120.28); peripheral plus soft contact lenses 0.30 D (0.18\u20130.42) and\u2009\u22120.35\u2009mm (\u22120.62 to \u22120.08); peripheral plus spectacles 0.77 D (0.40\u20131.14) and\u2009\u22120.43\u2009mm (\u22120.78 to \u22120.08); multifocal spectacles 0.21 D (0.11\u20130.31); repeated low\u2010level red light therapy 0.55 D (0.46\u20130.65) and\u2009\u22120.25\u2009mm (\u22120.29 to \u22120.20); outdoor time 0.17 D (0.16\u20130.18) and\u2009\u22120.04\u2009mm (\u22120.06 to \u22120.01).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>High and moderate concentrations of atropine, orthokeratology, peripheral plus spectacles and repeated low\u2010level red light demonstrated clinically significant effects on slowing AL elongation, while high and moderate concentrations of atropine, peripheral plus spectacles and repeated low\u2010level red light demonstrated clinically significant effects on slowing SER progression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/opo.13417","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,12]],"date-time":"2024-11-12T06:44:09Z","timestamp":1731393849000},"page":"160-176","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Myopia control strategies: A systematic review and 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