{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:19:50Z","timestamp":1787015990069,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,6]],"date-time":"2025-03-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741219200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate seasonal variations in changes of axial length (AL) among myopic children wearing orthokeratology (ortho\u2010K) lenses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The data of 600 children receiving ortho\u2010K treatment, aged 7\u201313\u2009years, were collected retrospectively. Data were classified as \u2018summer\u2019 or \u2018winter\u2019 based on the midpoint of the 6\u2010month period between visits. For each interval, AL from the right eye was used for statistical analysis. Paired sample\n                      <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010tests were used to compare the seasonal differences in AL. Furthermore, the relationship between seasonal differences in AL, age and initial AL was analysed using Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis, respectively.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The AL at 1\u2009year after the initial ortho\u2010K treatment was 24.96\u2009\u00b1\u20090.85\u2009mm, representing an increase of 0.19\u2009\u00b1\u20090.15\u2009mm. The semi\u2010annual axial elongation was 0.07\u2009\u00b1\u20090.09 and 0.12\u2009\u00b1\u20090.09\u2009mm for the summer and winter, respectively (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Linear regression analysis revealed that the control of axial growth in the summer was better than in the winter (\u03b2\u2009=\u2009\u22120.05,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). A similar seasonal pattern was found among children aged 7\u201312\u2009years as well as for those with an initial AL\u2009&lt;\u200926\u2009mm (but not in children aged 13\u2009years).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The inhibition of axial growth by ortho\u2010K treatment in the summer months is superior to that seen in the winter. Seasonal differences decrease with age and the initial AL.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/opo.13486","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]],"date-time":"2025-03-12T00:43:18Z","timestamp":1741740198000},"page":"877-882","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Seasonal variation in axial elongation in children with orthokeratology treatment"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Wenzhi","family":"Ding","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University Qingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University  Qingdao China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base Shandong Key Laboratory of Eye Diseases  Qingdao China"},{"name":"School of Ophthalmology Shandong First Medical University  Jinan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chenpei","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University Qingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University  Qingdao China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base Shandong Key Laboratory of Eye Diseases  Qingdao China"},{"name":"School of Ophthalmology Shandong First Medical University  Jinan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoxiao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base Shandong Key Laboratory of Eye Diseases  Qingdao China"},{"name":"School of Ophthalmology Shandong First Medical University  Jinan China"},{"name":"Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Eye Hospital)  Jinan 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