{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,16]],"date-time":"2026-08-16T08:47:55Z","timestamp":1786870075722,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Defocus Incorporated Soft Contact (DISC) lenses with +2.50 D myopic defocus reduced myopia progression by 25% in a previous randomised clinical trial (RCT). The current study aimed to evaluate if a stronger myopic defocus, +3.50 D with variable myopic defocus (DISC3.5plus), could slow myopia progression compared with single vision (SV) soft contact lenses in a 12\u2010month RCT.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Conducted from December 2018 to January 2021, the current RCT randomly assigned myopic children to wear DISC3.5plus (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200987) or SV (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200980) lenses. Myopia progression and axial elongation were compared between the two groups. Analyses were performed for both enrolled and completed participants.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      For all enrolled participants, the DISC3.5plus group had significantly less myopia progression (mean difference: \u22120.15\u2009\u00b1\u20090.07 D,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.02) and axial elongation (mean difference: 0.04\u2009\u00b1\u20090.02 D,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.04) than the SV group at 6\u2009months but not at 12\u2009months (myopia progression:\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.11; axial elongation:\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.13). For completed participants, the DISC3.5plus group (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200933) had reduced myopia progression at both 6\u2009months (0.25\u2009\u00b1\u20090.07 D,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.001) and 12\u2009months (0.19\u2009\u00b1\u20090.09 D,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.049) compared with the SV group (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200940), but not in axial elongation (6 months:\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.16; 12 months:\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.32). In January 2020, the coronavirus pandemic disturbed contact lens\u2010wearing patterns.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>DISC3.5plus lenses significantly slowed myopia progression and axial elongation compared with SV lenses for all enrolled participants over 6\u2009months. The pandemic hindered longer term efficacy follow\u2010up and sample size; thus, further investigation with more participants is needed to confirm sustained treatment effects.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/opo.13501","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,2]],"date-time":"2025-04-02T08:58:51Z","timestamp":1743584331000},"page":"969-981","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Myopia control using a modified optical defocus soft contact lens in schoolchildren\u2014A 12\u2010month randomised double masked control trial"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4932-1887","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hanyu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine Nankai University  Tianjin China"},{"name":"Centre for Eye and Vision Research  Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ka Yan","family":"Leung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Myopia Research, School of Optometry The Hong Kong Polytechnic University  Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Myra","family":"Leung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Optometry and Vision Science, Faculty of Health University of Canberra  Canberra Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wing Chun","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Myopia Research, School of Optometry The Hong Kong Polytechnic University  Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chun Ki","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Myopia Research, School of Optometry The Hong Kong Polytechnic University  Hong Kong 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