{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T18:08:34Z","timestamp":1776276514776,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,20]],"date-time":"2025-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747699200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to evaluate the impact of refractive errors on functional vision and eye\u2010related quality of life (QoL) in a cohort of African children, using the Pediatric Eye Questionnaire (PedEyeQ).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A comparative cross\u2010sectional study was conducted involving 169 children aged 5\u201317\u2009years (97 with refractive errors and 72 visually normal controls) and their parents\/guardians. Refractive errors were classified based on cycloplegic refraction. The PedEyeQ was administered through interviewer\u2010assisted sessions to assess functional vision and psychosocial well\u2010being across child, proxy and parent\u2010reported domains. Statistical analyses were conducted using Mann\u2013Whitney\n                      <jats:italic>U<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010tests for group comparisons and Kruskal\u2013Wallis tests for subgroup analyses, with Bonferroni corrections applied for multiple comparisons.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Children with refractive errors had significantly lower PedEyeQ scores across all domains compared with controls (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01). Among refractive error types, astigmatism showed the most pronounced deficits in functional vision and psychosocial well\u2010being. For children aged 5\u201311\u2009years, median functional vision scores were 50 (43.7\u201370.0) for refractive error versus 90 (67.5\u201395.0) for the controls. Similarly, for children aged 12\u201317\u2009years, the respective scores were 65 (45.0\u201375.0) and 90 (75.0\u201395.0). Proxy and parent\u2010reported domains demonstrated similar findings, highlighting substantial impacts on family QoL and parental concerns.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Refractive errors, particularly astigmatism, impair functional vision and eye\u2010related QoL severely in African children and their families, suggesting a need for early detection and correction to improve outcomes for these children.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/opo.13529","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,20]],"date-time":"2025-05-20T07:22:12Z","timestamp":1747725732000},"page":"1410-1422","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Impact of uncorrected refractive errors on eye\u2010related quality of life and functional vision in a cohort of African children"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5766-6685","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Ntodie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Optometry and Vision Science, College of Health and Allied Science University of Cape Coast  Cape Coast Ghana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dennis","family":"Quarshie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Optometry and Vision Science, College of Health and Allied Science University of Cape Coast  Cape Coast Ghana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Prince","family":"Mordi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Optometry and Vision Science, College of Health and Allied Science University of Cape Coast  Cape Coast Ghana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kwame Osei","family":"Okyere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Optometry and Vision Science, College of Health and Allied Science University of Cape Coast  Cape Coast Ghana"},{"name":"Eye Unit Korle Bu Teaching Hospital  Accra Ghana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Samuel","family":"Abokyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Optometry and Vision Science, College of Health and Allied Science University of Cape Coast  Cape Coast Ghana"},{"name":"School of Optometry Hong Kong Polytechnic University  Kowloon Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Augustine N.","family":"Nti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Houston College of Optometry  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.53730\/ijhs.v6nS3.7744"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/S12886\u2010024\u201003350\u20108\/TABLES\/2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.48089\/JFO7687098"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4102\/AVEH.V74I1.25"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2013-304081"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/2331205X.2021.1911414"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000000099"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09286586.2017.1376338"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ceo.13036"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000440997"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/014107680209501002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/09720634211035264"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31288\/OFTALMOLZH202164851"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2019.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.JAAPOS.2020.10.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2020.10.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2022.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2007.08.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0b013e3181a76e55"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.12642"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.51329\/mehdioptometry170"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2010.182386"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","first-page":"51","article-title":"Effects 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