{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T02:12:32Z","timestamp":1789092752646,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,16]],"date-time":"2025-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750032000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Digital device tasks emit blue light, which may cause damage to the ocular surface, resulting in dry eyes. This study compared lenses with blue\u2010blocking filters, anti\u2010reflective\u2010coated CR39 lenses and uncoated CR39 lenses with regard to their effect on dry eye signs and symptoms during a 120\u2010min reading task from a digital device.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This randomised crossover study included adults from an optometry clinic in Thailand. Twenty\u2010six healthy participants (age, 21.7\u2009\u00b1\u20092.6\u2009years) performed three reading tasks from a tablet for 3\u2009days. The effects of the spectacles were explored by determining the differences in the mean values between pre\u2010 and post\u2010task measurements.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      No significant changes in dry eye symptoms were observed in the 5\u2010Item Dry Eye Questionnaire or Ocular Surface Disease Index compared with the three lenses (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.97 and 0.45, respectively). For dry eye signs, no significant differences in the mean values of tear meniscus height, non\u2010invasive tear breakup time (keratometry mires) or fluorescence tear breakup time were found using the Friedman test (right eye:\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.53, 0.93 and 0.44, respectively; left eye:\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.53, 0.44 and 0.85, respectively).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Lenses with blue\u2010blocking filters did not alleviate dry eye signs and symptoms during a 120\u2010min digital activity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/opo.13543","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,16]],"date-time":"2025-06-16T08:27:51Z","timestamp":1750062471000},"page":"1342-1349","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Effect of blue\u2010filtering lens spectacles on signs and symptoms of dry eye during exposure to a digital screen"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5519-686X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Akarapon","family":"Watcharapalakorn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Optometry, Ramkhamhaeng University  Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3832-7258","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teera","family":"Poyomtip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Optometry, Ramkhamhaeng University  Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noppadol","family":"Srisurattanamethakul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Optometry, Ramkhamhaeng University  Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thitika","family":"Kohmarn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Optometry, Ramkhamhaeng University  Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6816-1850","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chotika","family":"Poolsanam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Optometry, Ramkhamhaeng University  Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5181-8767","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patarakorn","family":"Tawonkasiwattanakun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Optometry, Ramkhamhaeng University  Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2015.261"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2021.106909"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","unstructured":"Are Europeans glued to their screens? 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