{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T09:14:38Z","timestamp":1771233278876,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,29]],"date-time":"2012-10-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1351468800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Orthopaedic Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To review and analyze cage migration and related risk factors in patients who have undergone transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TLIF<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective study was conducted to review the complications of cage migration in 512 patients who had undergone a <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TLIF<\/jats:styled-content> procedure from <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">J<\/jats:styled-content>anuary 2010 to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">J<\/jats:styled-content>une 2011 in five spinal centers. In all, 263 men and 249 women with a mean age of 54.7 years were included. All patients were followed up at 3, 6 and 12 months after the procedure. The clinical outcomes were evaluated by visual analogue scores, the Oswestry disability index, plain radiography and three\u2010dimensional <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CT<\/jats:styled-content> scanning to analyze the incidence of, and risk factors related to, cage migration.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cage migration was found in 6 of the 512 patients (1.17%). Significant differences were found between all pairs of centers. Different shapes and sizes of cages had different incidences of migration. Analysis showed that rectangular\u2010shaped cages had a significantly greater incidence of cage migration (3.11%, 5\/161) than did kidney\u2010shaped cages (0.28%, 1\/351; <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05). Small cages had a tendency to more frequent post\u2010operative cage migration (5.13%, 4\/78) than did large cages (0.46%, 2\/434; <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05). Double segment <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TLIF<\/jats:styled-content> cages migrated more frequently (5.75%, 5\/87) than did mono\u2010segment cages (0.24%, 1\/425; <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05)). Furthermore, when the adjacent endplates were of linear type, the cages migrated much more frequently (3.50%) than when they were of concave\u2010concave type (0.27%; <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cage size, shape, number of fused segments and adjacent endplate shape might be risk factors for cage migration in addition to surgical technique, disc height and bone mineral density.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/os.12004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,29]],"date-time":"2012-10-29T16:58:34Z","timestamp":1351529914000},"page":"227-232","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Cage Migration after Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion and Factors Related to It"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Feng\u2010dong","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine Zhejiang University  Hangzhou Zhejiang China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine Zhejiang University  Hangzhou Zhejiang China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhi","family":"Shan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine Zhejiang University  Hangzhou Zhejiang China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province  Hangzhou Zhejiang China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hai\u2010xiao","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics Taizhou Hospital  Taizhou Jiangsu China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zheng\u2010hua","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics Taizhou Hospital  Taizhou Jiangsu China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Qian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics Shaoxing People's Hospital  Shaoxing Zhejiang China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Deng\u2010wei","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics The Central Hospital of Lishui City  Lishui Zhejiang 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