{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T11:15:54Z","timestamp":1789989354452,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,25]],"date-time":"2014-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1393286400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":24,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Orthopaedic Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,2]]},"abstract":"Objective<\/jats:title>To determine whether the prevalence of severe spinal osteoarthritis (OA<\/jats:styled-content>) increases with the number of metabolic syndrome (MetS<\/jats:styled-content>) risk factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>Data from a single surgeon's high volume, spine surgery practice were reviewed. Severe OA<\/jats:styled-content> was defined as degenerative spondylolisthesis or cervical or lumbar stenosis causing neurologically based symptoms and early OA<\/jats:styled-content> as lumbar and cervical spondylosis causing axial pain only. Logistic regression modeling was used to determine the odds (adjusted for age and sex) of having severe spine OA<\/jats:styled-content> with more numerous MetS<\/jats:styled-content> risk factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Severe spinal OA<\/jats:styled-content> was identified in 839\/1502 patients (55.9%) and early OA<\/jats:styled-content> in the remaining 663 individuals (44.1%). The overall prevalence of MetS<\/jats:styled-content> was 30\/1502 (2.0%): 26\/839 (3.1%) in the severe OA<\/jats:styled-content> group and 4\/663 (0.6%) in the early OA<\/jats:styled-content> group (P<\/jats:italic> = 0.001). Presence of all four MetS<\/jats:styled-content> risk factors was associated with almost quadruple the odds of having severe OA<\/jats:styled-content> as compared with absence of risk factors (OR<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic> 3.9 [1.4\u201311.6], P<\/jats:italic> < 0.01).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>The components of MetS<\/jats:styled-content> are more prevalent in subjects with severe spinal OA<\/jats:styled-content> than in those with spondylosis causing axial pain. Future study of the association between MetS<\/jats:styled-content> and the incidence of OA<\/jats:styled-content> is required.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/os.12093","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,26]],"date-time":"2014-02-26T04:22:48Z","timestamp":1393388568000},"page":"23-27","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Metabolic Syndrome Increases the Prevalence of Spine Osteoarthritis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Rajiv","family":"Gandhi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Orthopaedic Surgery Toronto Western Hospital University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenneth M","family":"Woo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Orthopaedic Surgery Toronto Western Hospital University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael 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