{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T22:08:07Z","timestamp":1790892487726,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,7]],"date-time":"2016-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1467849600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":67,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Orthopaedic Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the feasibility and safety of en bloc resection of cervical primary malignant bone tumors by a combined anterior and posterior approach based on a three\u2010dimensional (3\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">D<\/jats:styled-content>) printing model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Five patients with primary malignant bone tumors of the cervical spine underwent en bloc resection via a one\u2010stage combined anteroposterior approach in our hospital from <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>arch 2013 to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">J<\/jats:styled-content>une 2014. They comprised three men and two women of mean age 47.2\u2009years (range, 26\u201367\u2009years). Three of the tumors were chondrosarcomas and two chordomas. Preoperative 3\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">D<\/jats:styled-content> printing models were created by 3\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">D<\/jats:styled-content> printing technology. Sagittal en bloc resections were planned based on these models and successfully performed. A 360\u00b0 reconstruction was performed by spinal instrumentation in all cases. Surgical margins, perioperative complications, local control rate and survival rate were assessed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>All patients underwent en bloc excision via a combined posterior and anterior approach in one stage. Mean operative time and estimated blood loss were 465\u2009minutes and 1290\u2009mL, respectively. Mean follow\u2010up was 21\u2009months. Wide surgical margins were achieved in two patients and marginal resection in three; these three patients underwent postoperative adjuvant radiation therapy. One vertebral artery was ligated and sacrificed in each of three patients. Nerve root involved by tumor was sacrificed in three patients with preoperative upper extremity weakness. One patient (Case 3) had significant transient radiculopathy with paresis postoperatively. Another (Case 4) with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>\n<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>\n<jats:sub>5<\/jats:sub> chordoma had respiratory difficulties and pneumonia after surgery postoperatively. He recovered completely after 2\u2009weeks\u2019 management with a tracheotomy tube and antibiotics in the intensive care unit. No cerebrovascular complications and wound infection were observed. No local recurrence or instrumentation failure were detected during follow\u2010up.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Though technically challenging, it is feasible and safe to perform en bloc resection of cervical primary bone tumors. This is the most effective means of managing cervical spine tumors. Preoperative 3\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">D<\/jats:styled-content> printing modelling enables better anatomical understanding of the relationship between the tumor and cervical spine and can assist in planning the surgical procedure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/os.12234","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,7]],"date-time":"2016-07-07T11:04:11Z","timestamp":1467889451000},"page":"171-178","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":78,"title":["En Bloc Resection of Primary Malignant Bone Tumor in the Cervical Spine Based on 3\u2010Dimensional Printing Technology"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Jian\u2010ru","family":"Xiao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Oncology, Spine Tumor Center, Changzheng Hospital Second Military Medical University  Shanghai 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