{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T14:54:44Z","timestamp":1787496884820,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,7]],"date-time":"2016-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1467849600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":67,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"China Health Ministry","award":["201302007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["201302007"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Orthopaedic Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5]]},"abstract":"\n Objective<\/jats:title>\n \n To evaluate whether closed suction drainage (\n CSD<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) is associated with early recovery of knee function in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (\n TKA<\/jats:styled-content>\n ).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n Between\n J<\/jats:styled-content>\n anuary 2015 and\n S<\/jats:styled-content>\n eptember 2015, 80 consecutive patients were prospectively randomized into two groups: a\n CSD<\/jats:styled-content>\n group (40 cases; average age, 66.9 \u00b1 8.6 years; male, 8; female, 32) and a non\u2010\n CSD<\/jats:styled-content>\n group (40 cases; average age, 66.8 \u00b1 10.1 years; male, 9; female, 31). Local inflammation outcomes (assessed by a visual analog scale [\n VAS<\/jats:styled-content>\n ], swelling and skin temperature), calculated total blood loss (\n CBL<\/jats:styled-content>\n ), hidden blood loss (\n HBL<\/jats:styled-content>\n ), blood transfusion requirements and hemoglobin concentrations were recorded. Hospital for Special Surgery (\n HSS<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) knee scores, range of motion (\n ROM<\/jats:styled-content>\n ), limb swelling, tension vesicles, ecchymosis, time to regaining straight leg raising and duration of hospital stay were documented. All surgeries were performed by the same surgeon and followed up for 3 months.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n The peri\u2010wound skin temperature and knee\n VAS<\/jats:styled-content>\n pain scores were lower in the non\u2010\n CSD<\/jats:styled-content>\n group. Patients in the non\u2010\n CSD<\/jats:styled-content>\n group had significantly better knee ROM (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.028). The time to regaining active straight leg raising was significantly shorter in the non\u2010\n CSD<\/jats:styled-content>\n group\n N<\/jats:styled-content>\n than in the\n CSD<\/jats:styled-content>\n group (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.014). In addition, patients in the non\u2010\n CSD<\/jats:styled-content>\n group had a shorter length of hospital stay (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.004) than those in the\n CSD<\/jats:styled-content>\n group, indicating earlier recovery of knee function.\n HBL<\/jats:styled-content>\n was significantly less in the\n CSD<\/jats:styled-content>\n group than the non\u2010\n CSD<\/jats:styled-content>\n group (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.006) on postoperative day (\n POD<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) 5. However,\n CBL<\/jats:styled-content>\n did not differ significantly between the two groups on\n POD<\/jats:styled-content>\n 5. There were no significant differences between two groups in all other assessed variables.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n \n In this randomized study, primary\n TKA<\/jats:styled-content>\n without\n CSD<\/jats:styled-content>\n was associated with faster recovery related to less local inflammation and better early knee function. Furthermore, use of a drain had no significant advantage with respect to other outcome measures and may have increased costs. Based on these data,\n CSD<\/jats:styled-content>\n after primary\n TKA<\/jats:styled-content>\n is not routinely indicated.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/os.12247","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,7]],"date-time":"2016-07-07T07:04:11Z","timestamp":1467875051000},"page":"226-233","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Closed Suction Drainage Is Not Associated with Faster Recovery after Total Knee Arthroplasty"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Duan","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics Tianjin Hospital Tianjin 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