{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,31]],"date-time":"2026-01-31T17:19:05Z","timestamp":1769879945730,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,12]],"date-time":"2018-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1534032000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":11,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Fund of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["31170914, 31370944"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31170914, 31370944"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Orthopaedic Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Gorham\u2013Stout disease (GSD) is an extremely rare bone condition of unknown etiology characterized by spontaneous and progressive resorption of bones. GSD can occur at any age and is not related to gender, genetic inheritance, or race. Any part of the skeleton can be affected and the symptoms correlate with the sites involved. The diagnosis of GSD is established based on the combination of clinical, radiologic, and histologic features after excluding other diseases. Because of its rarity, current knowledge is limited to case reports and there is no agreement on the best strategy for treatment. The following case report describes a successfully treated case of GSD in a 26\u2010year\u2010old male patient with the left scapula and the 7th\u20139th left ribs involved. The patient was diagnosed with osteoporosis\u2010related pleural effusion at a local hospital. In our institution, the patient was diagnosed with GSD and treated with radiotherapy and bisphosphonate. The disease was controlled and there was no evidence of disease progression during follow\u2010up. Genetic sequencing was performed to investigate the etiology of GSD. In addition, the present study reviews the theories regarding the etiology, the clinical manifestations, the diagnostic approaches, and treatment options for this rare disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/os.12390","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,13]],"date-time":"2018-08-13T05:04:47Z","timestamp":1534136687000},"page":"276-280","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Successful Management of Gorham\u2013Stout Disease in Scapula and Ribs: A Case Report and Literature Review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Ming\u2010hui","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University  Xi\u2019an China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hao\u2010qiang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Joint Surgery General Hospital 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