{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T18:23:14Z","timestamp":1770834194353,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,4]],"date-time":"2019-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1551657600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":31,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003453","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2013010012989"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2013010012989"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003453","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81772405"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81772405"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81572100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81572100"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Orthopaedic Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To explore the effects of acupoint application therapy (AAT) with TianGui Powder (TGP) on the expressions of the transforming growth factor \u03b21 (TGF\u2010\u03b21) and Smad\u20102\/3 signaling pathway in ovariectomized osteoporosis rats.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sixty rats were randomly divided into four groups: normal group (group A), model group (group B), TGP group (group C), and Western medicine group (group D). Group A had only the corresponding amount of adipose tissue around the ovary removed; rats in the other groups had bilateral ovariectomies. After 1 week, groups A and B were given 1 mL\/100 mg normal saline solution by gavage, group C was treated with AAT with TGP on ShenQue acupoint (0.2 piece\/rat, 6 h\/time, 1 time\/d) and group D was given calcium carbonate vitamin D3 (36 mg\/kg\/d) and alfacalcidol (0.05 \u03bcg\/kg\/d) tablet suspension. In this study, the bone mineral density (BMD) , the levels of BALP, TRAP\u20105b, and BGP in serum and the changes in bone histomorphology was detected. For acquiring lumbar experimental data, the expression of TGF\u2010\u03b21, Smad\u20102\/3 proteins and mRNA of TGF\u2010\u03b21and Smad\u20102\/3 were assessed. After 12 weeks, the data were collected for analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Compared with group A, the bone trabecula was thinner and significantly reduced in other groups. The result of BMD improved significantly in both groups C and D compared to group B after intervention (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05). In contrast, compared to group B, the levels of BALP, TRAP\u20105b, and BGP significantly declined in both groups C and D. In group C, the results of protein expressions in TGF\u2010\u03b21, Smad\u20102\/3 were 2.870 \u00b1 0.270, 1.552 \u00b1 0.111, and 1.420 \u00b1 0.079, respectively. In groups C and D, those indications significantly declined compared to group B (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01). In group C, the level of mRNA expressions of TGF\u2010\u03b21, Smad\u20102\/3 were 1.872 \u00b1 0.177, 1.672 \u00b1 0.086, and 1.790 \u00b1 0.136, respectively. Compared with group B, those indications had significant difference in groups C and D (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Acupoint application therapy with TGP could significantly improve the BMD. The TGF\u2010\u03b21 and Smad\u20102\/3 signaling pathway could be a therapeutic target of TGP in postmenopausal osteoporosis rats.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/os.12427","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,5]],"date-time":"2019-03-05T03:12:43Z","timestamp":1551755563000},"page":"143-150","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Effects of Acupoint Application Therapy with TianGui Powder on Osteoporosis in Ovariectomized Rats through TGF\u2010\u03b21 and Smad2\/3 Signaling Pathway"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Xiao\u2010Sheng","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ShenZhen Bao\u2019An Shajing People's Hospital Guangzhou Medical University  Shenzhen China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hai\u2010yan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ShenZhen Bao\u2019an Traditional 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