{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T00:34:09Z","timestamp":1792629249748,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,22]],"date-time":"2019-11-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1574380800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Orthopaedic Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate mid\u2010term radiographic and functional outcomes of tibial plateau fracture (TPF) patients treated with the open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) technique and to find predictive factors of clinical outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective, single\u2010center study was performed enrolling a consecutive series of patients with diagnosis of TPF. All subjects were treated by ORIF between January 2010 and December 2015 at our level\u20101 healthcare trauma center. The inclusion criteria were: age between 18 and 75\u2009years; ORIF technique used for articular TPF, type 41\u2010B and 41\u2010C, isolated or with associated injuries. The patients were divided in two groups, according to fracture patterns and compared. Their characteristics, radiographic and clinical outcomes were recorded. Radiographs 12\u2009months after surgery were evaluated for reduction and alignment, and radiographs at 24\u2009months to describe post\u2010traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA). Functional outcomes were assessed using the visual analog scale (VAS), the Short Form 36 (SF\u201036), the knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score (KOOS), and the American Knee Society score (AKSS) questionnaires. Return to work and sport activities were also investigated. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed, and the statistical significance was defined as two\u2010tailed <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;\u20090.05.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Forty\u2010five patients were included, 29 males and 16 females; the mean age was 54.5\u2009years. The mean follow\u2010up was 57.18\u2009months (range, 26\u201394). There were AO 41\u2010B fractures (partial articular fractures) in more than half of the patients (66.67%), while the remaining 15 had AO 41\u2010C fractures (complete articular fractures). The sub\u2010type AO 41\u2010B3 was the most common, reported in 62.22% of patients. The mean KOOS score was 69.0. Mean AKSS and SF\u201036 PCS scores were 79.0 and 41.4, respectively. There were significant relationships between age and functional results (KOOS ADL, Sport, QoL, and SF\u201036 PCS) and between BMI and KOOS Pain, ADL, Sport, and QoL. No differences were found between the two types of fractures regarding quality of reduction and alignment. AO 41\u2010C TPF tend to develop PTOA more frequently with respect to 41\u2010B fractures, while type AO 41\u2010C TPF had the worst clinical outcomes. We found that the presence of an articular step\u2010off and the malalignment of the tibial axis after surgery were predictive of daily pain felt by patients. PTOA was predictive of a worse AKSS. The overall complication rate was 13.33%: 1 superficial wound infection, 1 deep vein thrombosis, and 4 cases of transitory deficit of the common peroneal nerve.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The present study demonstrates that early radiographic features may be predictive for pain perceived by patients at mid\u2010term follow\u2010up.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/os.12577","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,22]],"date-time":"2019-11-22T08:43:51Z","timestamp":1574412231000},"page":"1149-1162","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["Challenging Surgical Treatment of Displaced Articular Tibial Plateau Fractures: Do Early Knee Radiographic Features Have a Predictive Value of the Mid\u2010Term Clinical Functional Outcomes?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8517-0057","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlo","family":"Biz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopaedic Clinic, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology University of Padova, Padova  Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giacomo","family":"Maso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopaedic Clinic, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology University of Padova, Padova  Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marisa","family":"Gambato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopaedic Clinic, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology University of Padova, Padova  Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisa","family":"Belluzzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopaedic Clinic, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology University of Padova, Padova  Italy"},{"name":"Musculoskeletal Pathology and Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology University of Padova  Padova Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Assunta","family":"Pozzuoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopaedic Clinic, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology University of Padova, Padova  Italy"},{"name":"Musculoskeletal Pathology and Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology University of Padova  Padova Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Favero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine University of Padova  Padova Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Vigo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopaedic Clinic, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology University of Padova, Padova  Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pietro","family":"Ruggieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopaedic Clinic, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology University of Padova, Padova  Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2006.04.130"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2013.03.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3928\/01477447-20150902-55"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jos.2015.09.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/6054021","article-title":"Medium\u2010long\u2010term radiographic and clinical outcomes after surgical treatment of intra\u2010articular tibial pilon fractures by three different techniques","volume":"2018","author":"Biz C","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00776-013-0404-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","first-page":"582","article-title":"Epidemiology and management of open fractures of the lower limb","volume":"57","author":"Howard M","year":"1997","journal-title":"Br J Hosp Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005131-200711101-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knee.2014.09.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","first-page":"CD009679","article-title":"Surgical fixation methods for tibial plateau fractures","author":"McNamara IR","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1457496914520854"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-014-3256-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","volume-title":"Trauma","author":"Court Brown CMM","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.96B7.32837"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12306-012-0237-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knee.2008.04.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005131-199209000-00012"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.E.00907"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1281","DOI":"10.3928\/0147-7447-20041201-18","article-title":"Open reduction and internal fixation of 117 tibial plateau fractures","volume":"27","author":"Ebraheim NA","year":"2004","journal-title":"Orthopedics"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-009-0790-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200612000-00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","first-page":"12","article-title":"Staged management of tibial plateau fractures","volume":"36","author":"Dirschl DR","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Orthop (Belle Mead NJ)"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2015.05.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.L.01691"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1503\/cjs.003111"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005131-200205000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.16.4.494"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","first-page":"e088","article-title":"Validation of digital visual analog scale pain scoring with a traditional paper\u2010based visual analog scale in adults","volume":"2","author":"Delgado DA","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg Glob Res Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(98)00094-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2050312116671725"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198911000-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1413-78522012000100007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2012.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7525-1-64"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2286904"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a115101"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.06.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2010.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0000000000000762"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005131-200106000-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0032-1324807"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198668010-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.72B4.2380219"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2017.05.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.23459"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_47_1","first-page":"263","article-title":"Tibial plateau fractures: standardized evaluation of operative results","volume":"14","author":"Stokel EA","year":"1991","journal-title":"Orthopedics"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200209000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2018.06.039"}],"container-title":["Orthopaedic Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/os.12577","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/os.12577","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/os.12577","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,8]],"date-time":"2023-09-08T13:55:03Z","timestamp":1694181303000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/os.12577"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,22]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/os.12577"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/os.12577","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-7853","1757-7861"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1757-7853","type":"print"},{"value":"1757-7861","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-06-03","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-10-20","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-11-22","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}