{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T05:17:26Z","timestamp":1788931046714,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,28]],"date-time":"2020-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590624000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Orthopaedic Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To compare the results of different types of die\u2010punch fractures treated by volar locking plate (VLP).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Between January 2013 and February 2018, a total of 71 patients with die\u2010punch fracture of distal radius were treated by VLP and their medical records were retrospectively reviewed. Of them, 18 were classified as volar type, 24 as splitting type, and 28 as collapsed type of fracture, based on the preoperative radiographs and CT scans. The minimum follow\u2010up period was 12\u2009months. Radiological parameters, wrist function, range of motion (ROM), and complications were evaluated and compared. Pearson chi\u2010square test was used to assess the difference of gender distribution, injury side, dominance, mechanism, type and classification of fracture, and postoperative complications, when necessary (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05), followed by pairwise comparisons using partitions of chi\u2010square test. Two\u2010tailed <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> value &lt;0.05 was considered as statistically significant. For pairwise comparisons, adjustment of statistical level as <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.017 (0.05\/3) was used. SPSS 21.0 was used to perform all the analyses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The mean follow\u2010up time was 14.5\u2009months, and at the mean of postoperative 8\u2009weeks all patients obtained bony union, without delayed or non\u2010union. The grip strength was 26.6\u2009\u00b1\u20097.9 kg for patients in volar fracture group, 27.0\u2009\u00b1\u20099.4 kg in splitting group, and 26.2\u2009\u00b1\u20099.4 kg in collapsed group, without significant difference (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.628).The disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand (DASH) (9.2\u2009\u00b1\u200910.0 for volar group, 8.8\u2009\u00b1\u20097.9 for splitting group, and 10.6\u2009\u00b1\u20098.7 for collapsed group) or Gartland\u2013Werley score (5.1\u2009\u00b1\u20092.8 for volar group, 4.8\u2009\u00b1\u20093.2 for splitting group, and 6.4\u2009\u00b1\u20092.7 for collapsed group) either did not differ among the three groups (all <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u20090.05). There was a poorer ROM in the group of collapsed fractures, but the difference was non\u2010significant for any parameter (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u20090.05). As for radiographic parameters, we did not find any significant difference for volar tilt, radial inclination, radial height, and ulnar variance (all <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u20090.05), except for articular step\u2010off (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Pairwise comparisons showed a significantly greater step\u2010off (1.2\u2009mm <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 0.4\u2009mm, 0.5\u2009mm) and higher rate of total complications in group of collapsed fracture (39.3%), compared to either volar (10.5%) or splitting type (12.5%).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The collapsed type of die\u2010punch fracture posed a greater articular step\u2010off and a higher rate of complications, especially secondary wrist osteoarthritis, which deserved more attention in clinical treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/os.12695","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,28]],"date-time":"2020-05-28T07:50:40Z","timestamp":1590652240000},"page":"869-877","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Volar, Splitting, and Collapsed Type of Die\u2010Punch Fracture Treated by Volar Locking Plate (<scp>VLP<\/scp>): <scp>A Retrospective<\/scp> Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Bing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University  Shijiazhuang China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Biomechanics of Hebei Province  Shijiazhuang China"},{"name":"Department of Hand Surgery the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University  Shijiazhuang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pan","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University  Shijiazhuang China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Biomechanics of Hebei Province  Shijiazhuang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao\u2010dong","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Biomechanics of Hebei Province  Shijiazhuang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan\u2010bin","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University  Shijiazhuang China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Biomechanics of Hebei Province  Shijiazhuang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ling\u2010de","family":"Kong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University  Shijiazhuang China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Biomechanics of Hebei Province  Shijiazhuang China"},{"name":"Department of Hand Surgery the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University  Shijiazhuang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University  Shijiazhuang China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Biomechanics of Hebei Province  Shijiazhuang China"},{"name":"Department of Hand Surgery the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University  Shijiazhuang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"De\u2010hu","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University  Shijiazhuang China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Biomechanics of Hebei Province  Shijiazhuang China"},{"name":"Department of Hand Surgery the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University  Shijiazhuang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5419-7078","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ying\u2010ze","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University  Shijiazhuang China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Biomechanics of Hebei Province  Shijiazhuang China"},{"name":"Chinese Academy of Engineering  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","volume-title":"Clinical Epidemiology of Orthopaedic Trauma","author":"Zhang 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