{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:16:37Z","timestamp":1787015797937,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,30]],"date-time":"2020-11-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606694400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Orthopaedic Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"abstract":"\n Objective<\/jats:title>\n In this study, we hypothesized that standing and supine X\u2010rays lead to different preoperative planning results.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n The present study included 168 pictures from 81 patients who were treated surgically with high tibial osteotomy (HTO) for varus deformity between January 2017 and February 2018. Each patient underwent whole leg X\u2010ray examinations in both standing and supine position. On both images, the following parameters were measured: degree of axis deviation (DAD), mechanical lateral distal femoral angle (mLDFA), mechanical medial proximal tibial angle (mMPTA), width of medial (MJS) and lateral joint space (LJS), and the correction angle (CA). The results were correlated with the patients\u2019 age and body mass index (BMI). To analyze intra\u2010observer reliability, the same researcher, blinded to the previous measurements, remeasured all X\u2010rays from 10 patients 8\u2009weeks after the initial measurements were carried out.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n While mLDFA (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.075), mMPTA (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.435), and MJS (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.119) did not show any differences between the two modalities, LJS (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.016) and DAD (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n <\u20090.001) differed significantly, leading to different correction angles (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n <\u20090.001). The mean difference of the CA was 1.7\u00b0\u2009\u00b1\u20092.2\u00b0 (range, \u22122.6\u00b0 to\u221215.4\u00b0). In 14 legs (17%), the standing X\u2010ray led to a correction angle that was at least 3\u00b0 larger than the calculation revealed in the supine X\u2010ray; in 4 legs (5%), it was at least 5\u00b0 larger. Increased BMI (\n r<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.191,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.088) and older age (\n r<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.057 ,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.605) did not show relevant correlation with DAD differences. However, more severe varus malalignment in the supine radiograph did correlate moderately with differences of correction angles between supine and weight\u2010bearing radiographs (\n r<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.414,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n <\u20090.001). The analysis of the intra\u2010rater reliability revealed mediocre to excellent intercorrelation coefficients between the measurements of the observer.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n The use of supine and standing X\u2010ray images leads to different planning results when performing high tibial osteotomies for varus gonarthrosis. To avoid potential overcorrection, surgeons might consider increased lateral joint spaces on standing radiographs in osteoarthritic knees with varus deviation.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/os.12833","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T03:37:49Z","timestamp":1606793869000},"page":"77-82","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Planning Results for High Tibial Osteotomies in Degenerative Varus Osteoarthritis Using Standing and Supine Whole Leg Radiographs"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8927-3117","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benjamin","family":"Bockmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, St. Josef Hospital Ruhr University Bochum Bochum Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wolfgang","family":"Nebelung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Arthroscopy Marienkrankenhaus D\u00fcsseldorf\u2010Kaiserswerth D\u00fcsseldorf Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph K","family":"Boese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery University Hospital of Cologne Cologne Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tobias L","family":"Schulte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, St. Josef Hospital Ruhr University Bochum Bochum Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arne J","family":"Venjakob","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Arthroscopy Marienkrankenhaus D\u00fcsseldorf\u2010Kaiserswerth D\u00fcsseldorf Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1007\/s001320050004","article-title":"Principles of deformity correction around the knee","volume":"29","author":"Paley D","year":"2000","journal-title":"Orthopade"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2017.08.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/17453678008990862"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","first-page":"368","article-title":"Precision in the planning of open wedge HTO","volume":"150","author":"Schroter S","year":"2012","journal-title":"Z Orthop Unfall"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-11-207"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","first-page":"Cd004019","article-title":"Osteotomy for treating knee osteoarthritis","volume":"3","author":"Brouwer RW","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","volume-title":"Osteotomy: The Basics. ESSKA Instructional Course Lecture Book","author":"Heerwaarden R","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199304000-00027","article-title":"Roentgenographic assessment of the hip\u2010knee\u2010ankle axis in medial gonarthrosis. A study of reproducibility","volume":"289","author":"Odenbring S","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.73B6.1955438"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199201000-00025","article-title":"Preoperative planning for high tibial osteotomy. The effect of lateral tibiofemoral separation and tibiofemoral length","volume":"274","author":"Dugdale TW","year":"1992","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00132-017-3437-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967117728675"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0030-5898(20)30753-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198909000-00035"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-017-4636-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-014-3403-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-008-0708-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00016470310017965"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","first-page":"49","article-title":"Assessing lower limb alignment: comparison of standard knee Xray vs long leg view","volume":"35","author":"Zampogna B","year":"2015","journal-title":"Iowa Orthop J"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546506293024"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.F.01514"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2522\/ptj.20060137"}],"container-title":["Orthopaedic Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/os.12833","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/os.12833","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/os.12833","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,2]],"date-time":"2023-09-02T02:35:17Z","timestamp":1693622117000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/os.12833"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,30]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/os.12833"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/os.12833","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-7853","1757-7861"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1757-7853","type":"print"},{"value":"1757-7861","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-03-14","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-09-16","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-11-30","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}