{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,8]],"date-time":"2025-11-08T13:22:18Z","timestamp":1762608138762,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,6]],"date-time":"2020-12-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1607212800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010418","name":"Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010418","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Orthopaedic Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"abstract":"Background<\/jats:title>Reconstruction intramedullary nail spanning the whole length of the femur has been the gold standard treatment for complete atypical diaphyseal fractures of the femur (ADF). However, in cases of incomplete ADF combined with severe bowing, this approach might have complications and lead to iatrogenic complete fracture. We report two cases of incomplete ADF with severe bowing using a precontoured plate (PCP) after rapid prototyping (RP) of the deformed femurs with three\u2010dimensional printing (3DP) technology.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Case presentation<\/jats:title>Two patients presented with gradually worsening thigh pain, especially during walking. The patients had been using bisphosphonates for 4 and 10\u2009years, respectively. Radiography showed an incomplete fracture in the lateral cortex of the right femur shaft. The lateral bowing angles measured in the affected femurs were 15\u00b0 and 14\u00b0, and the anterior bowing angles were 20\u00b0 and 16\u00b0, respectively. In bone scans, both patients showed hot uptake in the right mid\u2010shaft of the femur. Preoperatively, the affected femur of the patient was reconstructed by 3DP RP using CT, and the plate was bent to the shape of the bone model. The ADF was fixed with a PCP using the minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis technique. Both patients were encouraged to start full weight\u2010bearing and return to their preinjury activity level in daily life immediately after surgery. At 2\u2009years postoperatively, radiography showed healing of the fracture site without recurrence of thigh pain and implant\u2010related problems.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>Although intramedullary nailing is the standard surgical treatment for complete ADF, PCP using 3DP RP could be an effective treatment option for incomplete ADF with severely curved femur.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/os.12867","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,7]],"date-time":"2020-12-07T07:41:15Z","timestamp":1607326875000},"page":"353-359","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Precontoured Plate Fixation for Incomplete Atypical Diaphyseal Fracture of Femur using Three\u2010Dimensional Printing Rapid Prototyping<\/scp>: Two Cases Reports"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0803-6086","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heejae","family":"Won","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Kyungpook National University Hospital Daegu South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8909-3287","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seung\u2010Hoon","family":"Baek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Kyungpook National University Hospital Daegu South Korea"},{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine Kyungpook National University Daegu South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5591-4147","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cheol\u2010Hwan","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 3D Convergence Technology Institute of Advance Convergence Technology Daegu South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1591-1208","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dong\u2010Hyeon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 3D Convergence Technology Institute of Advance Convergence Technology Daegu South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5295-854X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jee\u2010Wook","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Kyungpook National University Hospital Daegu South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5445-648X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shin\u2010Yoon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Kyungpook National University Hospital Daegu South Korea"},{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine Kyungpook National University Daegu South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.99B3.BJJ-2016-0276.R2"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11914-018-0464-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5371\/hp.2018.30.4.202"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4055\/cios.2013.5.3.230"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","first-page":"213614","article-title":"Combined effect of a locking plate and Teriparatide for incomplete atypical femoral fracture: two case reports of curved femurs","volume":"2015","author":"Tsuchie H","year":"2015","journal-title":"Case Rep 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