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However, the underlying causes remain puzzling. This case report presents severe AICK linked to chronic neck flexion postural habit, treated with combined anterior and posterior correction surgery and review of the literature.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title><jats:p>A 16\u2010year\u2010old male with no history of trauma, surgery, or family history of spinal deformity complained of intolerable neck pain and rigidity. He developed an incessant reading of comic books at a very young age, and he preferred placing the book on the floor with his head flexed between his thighs. Acupuncture and massage therapy failed to relief symptoms. He had no neurological symptoms on examination and X\u2010ray showed Cobb angle of 70.5\u00b0. MRI and CT scans showed no spinal cord compression or osteophyte formation. A combined anterior and posterior correction surgery was performed after a week of skull traction. The deformity was corrected, neck pain disappeared, and neck rotatory function maintained after posterior implant removal. The maximum follow\u2010up was 10\u2009years.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The potential underlying risk factor observed in this case is unusual. Chronic neck flexion postural habit is a potential risk factor of severe AICK in some individuals.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/os.13356","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,10]],"date-time":"2022-06-10T08:51:28Z","timestamp":1654851088000},"page":"1527-1532","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Progressive Adolescent Idiopathic Cervical Kyphosis Secondary to Constant Postural Neck Flexion Reading Habit with a 10\u2010year Follow\u2010up: Case Report and Literature Review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Lianlei","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University  Jinan Shandong P. R. 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China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Suomao","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University  Jinan Shandong P. R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4347-1633","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xinyu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University  Jinan Shandong P. R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.05.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2011.06.009"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","first-page":"13","article-title":"Anterior correction of cervical kyphotic deformity: effects on myelopathy, neck pain, and sagittal alignment","volume":"100","author":"Ferch RD","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","first-page":"1732","article-title":"Cervicothoracic extension osteotomy for chin\u2010on\u2010chest deformity in ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"87","author":"Belanger TA","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Bone Jt Surg Am"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.79B2.0790197"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199911150-00017"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/SPI.2008.10.08226"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000215553.49728.B0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/SPI\/2008\/8\/6\/594"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199812150-00014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199402001-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1982.57.4.0441"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0000000000000257"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","first-page":"397","article-title":"Variation of neck muscle strength along the human cervical spine","volume":"48","author":"Oi N","year":"2004","journal-title":"Stapp Car Crash J"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0000000000000698"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.smj.0000221627.12416.e1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199504000-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00013611-200209000-00010"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","first-page":"246","article-title":"Surgical correction of flexion deformity of the cervical spine","volume":"39","author":"Ericsson CJ","year":"1969","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","article-title":"Cervical kyphosis: predictive factors for progression of kyphosis and myelopathy","volume":"27","author":"Iwasaki M, Yamamoto T, Miyauchi A, Amano K, Yonenobu K.","year":"2002","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","article-title":"Acute progressive adolescent idiopathic cervical kyphosis: case report","volume":"30","author":"Yamamuro Y, Demura S, Murakami H, Kato S, Yonezawa N, Yokogawa N, Tsuchiya H","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"}],"container-title":["Orthopaedic Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/os.13356","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/os.13356","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/os.13356","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,23]],"date-time":"2023-08-23T21:05:30Z","timestamp":1692824730000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/os.13356"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,10]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/os.13356"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/os.13356","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-7853","1757-7861"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1757-7853","type":"print"},{"value":"1757-7861","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-03-16","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-05-18","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-06-10","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}