{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T20:54:32Z","timestamp":1789937672382,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,13]],"date-time":"2022-06-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655078400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Orthopaedic Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between tibiofemoral rotation and patellar maltracking in patients with recurrent patellar dislocation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 143 consecutive knees (118 patients) with clinically diagnosed recurrent patellar dislocation from January 2018 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Patellar tilt angle and bisect offset index were recorded on axial CT to assesses the severity of patellar maltracking. Tibiofemoral rotation angle is measured by comparing the angle between the posterior femoral and tibial condylar lines on three\u2010dimensional CT. The Pearson correlation was calculated to investigate the association between tibiofemoral rotation angle and patellar maltracking. Patients were divided into the rotation group (\u226515\u00b0) and control group (&lt;15\u00b0) based on the value of tibiofemoral rotation and a further comparison was performed. To further clarify the complicated relationship among tibial tubercle\u2010trochlear groove (TT\u2010TG), tibial tubercle\u2010posterior cruciate ligament distance (TT\u2010PCL), tibiofemoral rotation, and patellar maltracking, patients were divided into four subgroups according to the value of TT\u2010TG and TT\u2010PCL.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The mean preoperative tibiofemoral rotation angle was 12\u00b0\u2009\u00b1\u20096\u00b0 (range, 0\u00b0\u201331\u00b0). Pearson correlation between patellar maltracking parameters (bisect offset index, patellar tilt angle) and various bony deformities found that the tibiofemoral rotation angle was moderately correlated with bisect offset index (r\u00a0=\u00a00.451, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and patellar tilt angle (r\u00a0=\u00a00.462, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Further results demonstrated that bisect offset index (152.1\n                      <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>\n                      121.2, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and patellar tilt angle (41.2\u00b0\n                      <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>\n                      33.5\u00b0, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) were significantly higher in the rotation group than that in control group. For patients with a TT\u2010TG distance of &gt;20\u2009mm, the increased TT\u2010TG distance was mainly caused by tibiofemoral rotation angle in group C (TT\u2010TG\u2009&gt;\u200920\u2009mm, TT\u2010PCL\u2009&lt;\u200924\u2009mm) and predominantly induced by tibial tubercle lateralization in group D (TT\u2010TG\u2009&gt;\u200920\u2009mm, TT\u2010PCL\u2009&gt;\u200924\u2009mm). Bisect offset index and patellar tilt angle were significantly higher in the group C than group D.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The increased tibiofemoral rotation angle is associated with patellar maltracking in patients with recurrent patellar dislocation. Patients with increased tibiofemoral rotation angle usually have more severe patellar maltracking.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/os.13358","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,14]],"date-time":"2022-06-14T00:28:32Z","timestamp":1655166512000},"page":"1469-1475","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["The Increased Tibiofemoral Rotation: A Potential Contributing Factor for Patellar Maltracking in Patients with Recurrent Patellar Dislocation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Guan","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sports Medicine Service Beijing jishuitan hospital  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"YanWei","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sports Medicine Service Beijing jishuitan hospital  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"GuanYang","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sports Medicine Service Beijing jishuitan hospital  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5546-6076","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yue","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sports Medicine Service Beijing jishuitan hospital  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tong","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sports Medicine Service Beijing jishuitan hospital  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sports Medicine Service Beijing jishuitan hospital  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2405-7063","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"ZhiJun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sports Medicine Service Beijing jishuitan hospital  Beijing 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