{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T16:50:17Z","timestamp":1792515017747,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,6]],"date-time":"2023-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1691280000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Orthopaedic Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Remote assessment and diagnosis of functional impairment caused by osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee can achieve early intervention of patients\u2019 functional impairment, prevent the deterioration of OA of the knee, and provide functional remote screening for patients with knee OA. This study introduced an inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensor\u2010based system to assess lower extremity function and perform gait analysis. Then, we compared its accuracy to gold\u2010standard motion capture and gait measurement systems.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Nine adults were selected to participate in a comparative study of gait assessment outcomes using an IMU sensor\u2010based wearable system, a gold\u2010standard motion capture system, and a pressure\u2010based gait analysis system. The subject walked on a path that incorporated all three systems. Data analysis was performed on spatiotemporal gait parameters, including velocity, cycle time, cadence, and stride length. This was followed by gait phases, including stance, swing, double stance, and single limb support phases. Data were processed using the data processing software of each system. An independent sample\n                      <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010test was conducted for inter\u2010group comparison to analyze the data.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The spatiotemporal gait parameters of the systems demonstrated excellent consistency, and the gait phases showed high consistency. Compared to the gold\u2010standard pressure\u2010based gait analysis system (the GATERite system), the mean gait cycle time results were 1.124\u2009s vs. 1.127\u2009s (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.404); cadence was 93.333 steps\/min vs. 94.189 steps\/min (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.482); stance phase was 60.89% vs. 63.26% (\n                      <jats:italic>p\u2009&lt;<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u20090.001); swing phase was 39.11% vs. 36.74% (\n                      <jats:italic>p\u2009&lt;<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u20090.001); stride length was 1.404\u2009m vs. 1.420\u2009m (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.743); speed was 1.093\u2009m\/s vs. 1.110\u2009m\/s (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.725). Compared to the gold\u2010standard video\u2010based motion capture system, the root mean square error was 2.7\u00b0 for the hip angle and 2.6\u00b0 for the knee angle.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This IMU\u2010based wearable system delivered precise measuring results to evaluate patients with knee OA. This technology can also be used to guide rehabilitation exercises for patients with knee OA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/os.13836","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,7]],"date-time":"2023-08-07T02:36:50Z","timestamp":1691375810000},"page":"2911-2917","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Validation of a Wearable System for Lower Extremity Assessment"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-9467-7365","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haohua","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Beijing Jishuitan Hospital  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Beijing Jishuitan Hospital  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Beijing Jishuitan Hospital  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Dou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Beijing Jishuitan Hospital  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dacheng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Beijing Jishuitan Hospital  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yinyue","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guoke Ningbo Life Science Research Institute  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guoke Ningbo Life Science Research Institute  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Di","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiakang Zhongzhi Technology Company  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-018-4211-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-019-2521-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1503\/cjs.006721"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics12112631"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcot.2019.05.019"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","first-page":"68","article-title":"In\u2010flight continuous vital signs telemetry via the internet","volume":"71","author":"Gandsas A","year":"2000","journal-title":"Aviat Space Environ Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-016-0294-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","first-page":"6923","article-title":"Development of a body joint angle measurement system using IMU sensors","volume":"2011","author":"Bakhshi S","year":"2011","journal-title":"Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2015.2503765"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s140406891"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2009.08.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2009.06.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/dia.2014.0355"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","first-page":"2965","article-title":"The use of inertial sensors for the classification of rehabilitation exercises","volume":"2014","author":"Giggins O","year":"2014","journal-title":"Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medengphy.2017.03.007"}],"container-title":["Orthopaedic Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/os.13836","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,2]],"date-time":"2023-11-02T22:58:55Z","timestamp":1698965935000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/os.13836"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,6]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/os.13836"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/os.13836","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-7853","1757-7861"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1757-7853","type":"print"},{"value":"1757-7861","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-02-22","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication 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