{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T20:54:20Z","timestamp":1791320060970,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,8]],"date-time":"2024-08-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1723075200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007129","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZR2022QE287"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZR2022QE287"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007129","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82102522"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82102522"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82172483"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82172483"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Orthopaedic Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Spine fixation surgery affects the biomechanical environment in the sacroiliac joint (SIJ), which may lead to the SIJ pain or degeneration after surgery. The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of the number and position of fixed segments on the SIJs and provide references for surgeons to plan fixation levels and enhance surgical outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The intact lumbar\u2010pelvis finite element (FE) models and 11 fixation FE models with different number and position of fixed segments were developed based on CT images. A 400N follower load and 10\u00b0 range of motion (ROM) of the spine were applied to the superior endplate of L1 to simulate the flexion, extension, bending and torsion motion after surgery. The peak stress on the SIJs, lumbar intervertebral discs, screws and rods were calculated to evaluate the biomechanical effects of fixation procedures.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>With the lowermost instrumented vertebra (LIV) of L5 or S1, the peak stress on SIJs increased with the number of fixed segments increasing. The flexion motion led to the greater von Mises stress on SIJ compared with other load conditions. Compared with the intact model, peak stress on all fixed intervertebral discs was reduced in the models with less than three fixed segments, and it increased in the models with more than three fixed segments. The stress on the SIJ was extremely high in the models with all segments from L1 to L5 fixed, including L1\u2010L5, L1\u2010S1 and L1\u2010S2 fixation models. The stress on the segment adjacent to the fixed segments was significant higher compared to that in the intact model. The peak stress on rods and screws also increased with the number of fixed segments increasing in the flexion, extension and bending motion, and the bending and flexion motions led to the greater von Mises stress on SIJs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Short\u2010term fixation (\u22642 segments) did not increase the stress on the SIJs significantly, while long\u2010term segment fixation (\u22654 segments) led to greater stress on the SIJs especially when all the L1\u2010L5 segments were fixed. Unfixed lumbar segments compensated the ROM loss of the fixed segments, and the preservation of lumbar spine mobility would reduce the risks of SIJ degeneration.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/os.14187","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,9]],"date-time":"2024-08-09T04:20:57Z","timestamp":1723177257000},"page":"2499-2508","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Biomechanical Effects of Multi\u2010segment Fixation on Lumbar Spine and Sacroiliac Joints: A Finite Element Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Geng","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering Beihang University  Beijing China"},{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University  Jinan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lianlei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University  Jinan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongwei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Collage of Artificial Intelligence and Big Data for Medical Sciences Shandong First Medical University  Jinan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6416-5854","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics Peking University First Hospital  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suomao","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University  Jinan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junyuan","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University  Jinan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yonghao","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University  Jinan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4347-1633","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xinyu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University  Jinan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,8]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","first-page":"42","article-title":"Sacroiliac joint pain and its treatment","volume":"29","author":"Rashbaum RF","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Spinal Disord Tech"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31818b8882"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.math.2015.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0000000000001540"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/MDER.S59437"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medengphy.2019.10.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1526-4637.2002.02033.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1526-4637.2002.02007.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00024720-200302000-00015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-197803000-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-004-0692-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4637.2011.01098.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/CEOR.S52967"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31817bb956"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","first-page":"78","article-title":"Adjacent segment disease perspective and review of the literature","volume":"14","author":"Saavedra\u2010Pozo FM","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ochsner J"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1350-4533(01)00076-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199408000-00015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199603150-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181978ea3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000000839"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2013.03.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000003911"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-018-0858-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/os.13573"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2015.09.038"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-020-03735-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10255842.2020.1869219"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-021-02805-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2004.07.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2014.06.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.1100050112"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/os.12315"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31820bc705"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2018.12.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medengphy.2017.02.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.math.2013.11.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bmb\/ldu030"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e318170fd35"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000003998"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198902000-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s776-002-8407-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00024720-200202000-00010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31820921a5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/os.13929"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/os.13254"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7580.2012.01564.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/bioengineering10111238"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14245\/ns.2142450.225"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-70676-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-14-220"}],"container-title":["Orthopaedic Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/os.14187","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,7]],"date-time":"2024-10-07T06:48:43Z","timestamp":1728283723000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/os.14187"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,8]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/os.14187"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/os.14187","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-7853","1757-7861"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1757-7853","type":"print"},{"value":"1757-7861","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-02-15","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-07-21","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-08-08","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}