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Traditional 2D classification systems, such as the Lenke, King and Lehnert\u2010Schroth classifications, have been widely used for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of scoliosis. However, with the growing understanding of the three\u2010dimensional nature of scoliosis and advancements in 3D reconstruction technologies, 3D classification systems are gaining increasing attention. This paper reviews the current applications, advantages, and limitations of different 2D and 3D classification systems, focusing on their clinical significance in treatment planning. While 3D classification systems offer clear advantages in capturing the complexity of spinal deformities, their clinical implementation faces challenges such as high costs and technical complexity. Additionally, studies show that computer\u2010assisted technologies, artificial intelligence can significantly improve the accuracy and consistency of classification systems, reducing human errors. 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