{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T04:05:48Z","timestamp":1767845148350,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,26]],"date-time":"2025-03-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742947200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005088","name":"Beijing Municipal Health Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BJRITO\u2010RDP\u20102024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BJRITO\u2010RDP\u20102024"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005088","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005089","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["L234010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["L234010"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005089","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Orthopaedic Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Severe destruction of the wrist joint after trauma, disease, or iatrogenic causes can lead to significant bone defects and deformities, limiting the options for surgeries. Bespoke 3D\u2010printed metal prostheses were designed and used for four patients. This study aimed to describe the design rationale and report the clinical outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Between 2022 and August 2024, we followed up on four patients with significant bone defects and deformities caused by various factors, who opted against arthrodesis. These patients were treated with customized 3D\u2010printed prostheses replacements. All cases underwent assessment through clinical and radiological examinations, evaluating parameters including passive range of motion (ROM) of the wrist, grip strength, VAS of pain, and functional scales such as the Mayo score, Patient\u2010Rated Wrist Evaluation (PRWE), and Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (quick DASH) score. A paired <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\u2010test was conducted to compare pre\u2010 and postoperative outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Result<\/jats:title><jats:p>The mean follow\u2010up period lasted 11.9\u2009\u00b1\u20096.7\u2009months (range 6\u201318\u2009months). All patients reported satisfying pain relief and enhanced function. The average ROM was 23.3\u00b0\u2009\u00b1\u20095.7\u00b0 of extension and 27.0\u00b0\u2009\u00b1\u200918.6\u00b0 of flexion. The average VAS score of pain was 1.5. The mean Mayo score, PRWE, and Quick DASH were 60.0, 31.5, and 28.3, respectively. No complications such as loosening, dislocation, or infection were observed during the follow\u2010up period.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Customized 3D\u2010printed prosthetic replacements for severely destroyed wrists can provide good functional outcomes with a higher satisfaction rate.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>IV.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/os.70030","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,26]],"date-time":"2025-03-26T08:48:48Z","timestamp":1742978928000},"page":"1536-1546","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Customized Metal <scp>3D<\/scp> Printed Total Wrist Prosthesis in the Treatment of Severely Destroyed Wrist: Design Rationale and Clinical 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Capital Medical University  Beijing China"},{"name":"Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AK Medical  Beijing 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