{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]],"date-time":"2025-12-09T02:32:19Z","timestamp":1765247539577,"version":"3.46.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761868800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82302785"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82302785"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Orthopaedic Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Multiple imaging criteria are available for assessing fusion following anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF). In clinical trials, the 3\u2010month postoperative follow\u2010up serves as a critical timepoint for evaluating the efficacy of interventions on accelerating the fusion process. This study aims to determine how applying different fusion criteria influences the conclusions of a comparative analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Patients aged 18 or older who underwent ACDF with allograft or beta\u2010tricalcium phosphate artificial bone between C3 and C7 were reviewed from 1 April 2023 to 30 September 2023. Fusion rates between the two grafts at three\u2010month follow\u2010up were compared under different criteria. Fusion status was judged by CT or dynamic radiographs, or their combinations. Cut\u2010offs of dynamic indicators included angle changes of 4\u00b0, 3\u00b0, and 2\u00b0, and interspinous motion of 3, 2, and 1\u2009mm. Criteria were applied singly, combined in pairs, or combined in groups of three, leading to a total of 31 criteria. Student's\n                      <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010test and Chi\u2010squared test were employed, and Cohen's kappa coefficient and phi coefficient were calculated.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Ninety\u2010eight segments were included. Twenty\u2010five criteria yielded higher fusion rates for artificial bone, with 7 out of 25 reaching statistical significance (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). The remaining six criteria led to a reversed result, but none reached significance (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&gt;\u20090.05). The agreement and correlation between CT and dynamic criteria were poor (kappa and phi\u2009&lt;\u20090.200). In contrast, the agreement and correlation between two dynamic indicators were better, and even being close to moderate (kappa\u2009=\u20090.398, phi\u2009=\u20090.398) between 3\u00b0 and 2\u2009mm.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Changes in fusion criteria affected result significance but did not produce conflicting conclusions. There was a significant disagreement between the results under CT and dynamic radiographs criteria. Thresholds of 3\u00b0 or 2\u2009mm can be optimal choices for dynamic criteria.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/os.70205","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T09:29:42Z","timestamp":1761902982000},"page":"3432-3439","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["To What Extent Do Different Criteria Influence 3\u2010Month Fusion Evaluation in Anterior Cervical Arthrodesis Trials?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2558-5829","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Minghe","family":"Yao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery West China Hospital, Sichuan University  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Siyu","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital Sichuan University  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhijun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"West China School of Medicine Sichuan University  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4884-0725","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tingkui","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery West China Hospital, Sichuan University  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kangkang","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery West China Hospital, Sichuan University  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9123-0375","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shihao","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery West China Hospital, Sichuan University  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoqiang","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery West China Hospital, Sichuan University  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery West China Hospital, Sichuan University  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5330-4193","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hao","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery West China Hospital, Sichuan University  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8755-1427","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beiyu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery West China Hospital, Sichuan University  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/os.14166"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-018-5820-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0b013e31829a37ac"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1227\/neu.0000000000003461"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/os.13835"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e318171927c"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2192568218755141"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","first-page":"24","article-title":"Do Osteobiologics Augment Fusion in Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion Surgery Performed With Mechanical Interbody Devices (Polyether Ether Ketone, Carbon Fiber, Metal Cages) and Is the Fusion Rate Comparable to That With Autograft? 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