{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T13:46:21Z","timestamp":1780667181999,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,15]],"date-time":"2014-01-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1389744000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pacing Clinical Electrophis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,2]]},"abstract":"Background<\/jats:title>Cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) have now become common therapeutic adjuncts for patients prior to orthotopic heart transplantation (OHT). Removal of the generator and the intracardiac components occurs at time of transplantation but removal of the intravascular portion of leads may be unsuccessful without specialized extraction equipment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>We performed a retrospective audit of chest radiographs and clinical records of patients undergoing OHT at Green Lane and Auckland City Hospitals between 2002 and 2012.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>At the time of transplant surgery, 56 of 100 patients had a CIED in situ. Hardware was retained postoperatively in 22 (39%), and the CIED had been in situ for 47 (interquartile range [IQR] 16\u201368) months for these cases, compared to 14 (IQR 3\u201324) months in those without. In two (9%) patients, the device generator was electively explanted during the week following OHT. There were no subsequent procedures undertaken to remove retained lead fragments. One (4%) had lead fragment embolization, one (4%) had endoluminal fragment migration, and one (4%) had lead fragment erosion into the mediastinum; all were asymptomatic and without adverse clinical sequelae. There was no infection associated with this hardware. The presence of retained lead fragments was not associated with additional mortality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>Retained lead fragments following OHT occur commonly, without adverse clinical events for this cohort; however, the long\u2010term clinical implications remain uncertain. Complete removal of all CIED hardware should be attempted at the time of OHT, and when this is not possible leads should be left in a state that facilitates their removal at a later date if required.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pace.12274","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,15]],"date-time":"2014-01-15T21:28:46Z","timestamp":1389821326000},"page":"242-248","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Frequency and Sequelae of Retained Implanted Cardiac Device Material Post Heart Transplantation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"ANDREW","family":"MARTIN","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Green Lane Cardiovascular Service Auckland City Hospital Auckland New Zealand"},{"name":"Faculty of Medical and Health Science University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"JAMIE","family":"VOSS","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Green Lane Cardiovascular Service Auckland City Hospital Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"DUNCAN","family":"SHANNON","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medical and Health Science University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"PETER","family":"RUYGROK","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Green Lane Cardiovascular Service Auckland City Hospital Auckland New Zealand"},{"name":"Faculty of Medical and Health Science University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand"},{"name":"New Zealand Heart and Lung Transplant Service Auckland City Hospital Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"NIGEL","family":"LEVER","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Green Lane Cardiovascular Service Auckland City Hospital Auckland New Zealand"},{"name":"Faculty of Medical and Health Science University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcts.2008.02.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa013474"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa043399"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(91)90796-N"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","first-page":"e350","article-title":"ACC\/AHA\/HRS 2008 Guidelines for Device\u2010Based Therapy of Cardiac Rhythm Abnormalities: A report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Revise the ACC\/AHA\/NASPE 2002 Guideline Update for Implantation of Cardiac Pacemakers and Antiarrhythmia Devices): Developed in collaboration with the American Association for Thoracic Surgery and Society of Thoracic 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