{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T00:05:58Z","timestamp":1769126758081,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,5]],"date-time":"2014-09-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1409875200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Resmed GmbH&Co.KG, Martinsried, Germany"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pacing Clinical Electrophis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results of previous studies investigating the association between atrial fibrillation (AF) and central sleep apnea (CSA) in patients with left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction are contradictory.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We prospectively enrolled 267 patients in this cross\u2010sectional study with LV ejection fractions \u226450%, who were screened for sleep disordered breathing using cardiorespiratory polysomnography after patients with predominantly obstructive sleep apnea or insufficient sleep studies had been excluded.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>AF at study entry was found in 70 of 267 patients (26%). CSA with an apnea\/hypopnea index (AHI) \u226515\/hour was present in 116 patients (43%) and 67 patients (25%) had severe CSA with an AHI &gt; 30\/hour. Univariate analysis revealed a significant association between AF and severe CSA, age, male gender, arterial hypertension, left atrial diameter, brain natriuretic peptide, chronic kidney disease, New York Heart Association class, digitalis, and the lack of angiotensin\u2010converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers. Multivariate analysis revealed a significant association between AF and severe CSA (odds ratio [OR]: 5.21; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.67\u201316.27, P = 0.01), age (OR: 1.22 per 5\u2010year increase; 95% CI: 1.05\u20131.40, P = 0.01), left atrial diameter (OR 1.61 per 5\u2010mm increase; 95% CI: 1.22\u20132.01, P &lt; 0.01), and digitalis (OR: 2.7; 95% CI: 1.26\u20135.79, P = 0.01).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>AF is associated with severe CSA but not with moderate CSA in addition to age, use of digitalis, and left atrial size in patients with LV systolic dysfunction. Future studies evaluating the potential benefit of adaptive servo\u2010ventilation therapy to prevent AF or to decrease the AF burden in heart failure patients should therefore focus on patients with severe central sleep apnea.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pace.12495","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,5]],"date-time":"2014-09-05T08:40:07Z","timestamp":1409906407000},"page":"706-712","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Severe Central Sleep Apnea Is Associated with Atrial Fibrillation in Patients with Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"WOLFRAM","family":"GRIMM","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology University Hospital of Marburg and Gie\u00dfen  Marburg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"JULIA","family":"SASS","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology University Hospital of Marburg and Gie\u00dfen  Marburg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"EMAD","family":"SIBAI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sleep Disorder Center University Hospital of Marburg and Gie\u00dfen  Marburg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"WERNER","family":"CASSEL","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sleep Disorder Center University Hospital of Marburg and Gie\u00dfen  Marburg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"OLAF","family":"HILDEBRANDT","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sleep Disorder Center University Hospital of Marburg and Gie\u00dfen  Marburg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"SANDRA","family":"APELT","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sleep Disorder Center University Hospital of Marburg and Gie\u00dfen  Marburg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"CHRISTOPH","family":"NELL","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sleep Disorder Center University Hospital of Marburg and Gie\u00dfen  Marburg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"ULRICH","family":"KOEHLER","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sleep Disorder Center University Hospital of Marburg and Gie\u00dfen  Marburg 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