{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T10:46:42Z","timestamp":1761562002465},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,13]],"date-time":"2015-08-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1439424000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pacing Clinical Electrophis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Left ventricular (LV) pacing in cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) can be achieved via a transvenous or epicardial route. A surgically implanted epicardial LV (eLV) lead is used after a standard transvenous LV (tLV) lead implantation has failed. However, studies of clinical outcomes in patients with eLV leads and comparisons of outcome between tLV and eLV\u2010CRT are sparse. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to compare clinical response between tLV\u2010CRT and eLV\u2010CRT, as well as to understand the differences within the eLV\u2010CRT population.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Forty\u2010four patients received eLV\u2010CRT following unsuccessful attempts of tLV\u2010CRT implantation between 2002 and 2013 at the University of California, San Diego (UCSD) and Mayo Clinics. These patients were matched for age, gender, and etiology of cardiomyopathy in a 1:2 ratio with a cohort of patients who received tLV\u2010CRT during the same time period.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>During a mean follow\u2010up of 57 months, similar clinical outcomes and survival rate were noted between tLV and eLV\u2010CRT patients (all P &gt; 0.05). Within the eLV\u2010CRT group, dilated cardiomyopathy patients had significant improvement in New York Heart Association class and ejection fraction (both P &lt; 0.05), while ischemic cardiomyopathy patients did not (both P &gt; 0.05). eLV\u2010CRT patients with nonanterior lead location had significantly improved survival (P &lt; 0.001). There was also a trend for improved survival in those with nonapical lead location (P = 0.09).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this case\u2010matched two\u2010centered study, comparable improvements were noted in patients with tLV\u2010CRT and eLV\u2010CRT. Operators should target nonanterior and nonapical locations during eLV\u2010CRT implantation. Use of eLV\u2010CRT should be considered a viable alternative for CRT candidates.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pace.12687","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,14]],"date-time":"2015-07-14T14:57:14Z","timestamp":1436885834000},"page":"1201-1209","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Clinical Outcomes of Cardiac Resynchronization with Epicardial Left Ventricular Lead"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"LU","family":"CHEN","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine University of California San Diego California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"HAIXIA","family":"FU","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Diseases Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University Henan China"},{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Diseases Mayo Clinics Rochester 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