{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T07:02:01Z","timestamp":1777532521440,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,26]],"date-time":"2015-10-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1445817600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pacing Clinical Electrophis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) nonresponse remains a major clinical problem. Autoantibodies specific for the \u03b21\u2010adrenergic (\u03b21\u2010AAbs) and muscarinic (M2\u2010AAbs) receptors are found in patients with chronic heart failure (HF) of various etiologies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We retrospectively analyzed 73 HF patients (median age 67 years, 84% males, New York Heart Association II\u2013IV, in sinus rhythm, left ventricular ejection fraction &lt;35%) who received CRT defibrillator (CRT\u2010D) from 2010 to 2013. \u03b21\u2010AAbs and M2\u2010AAbs were measured by enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay. Echocardiography was used to assess CRT response (reduction &gt;15% in left ventricular end\u2010systolic volume at 6 months follow\u2010up). Renal function (RF) parameters (creatinine [Cr], blood urea nitrogen [BUN], estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR Modified Diet in Renal Disease], cystatin C [Cys\u2010C], and neutrophil gelatinase\u2010associated lipocalin [NGAL]) were also evaluated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A significantly higher percentage of patients positive for \u03b21\u2010AAbs (OD sample\/OD reference ratio &gt;2.1) in nonresponders than in responder patients was observed (57% vs 27%, P = 0.004). No influence of M2\u2010AAbs on CRT\u2010D response was demonstrated. \u03b21\u2010AAbs were predictive of a poor CRT\u2010D response (odds ratio [OR] [95% confidence interval (CI)] 3.64 [1.49\u20138.88], P = 0.005), also after adjustment for RF parameters (OR [95% CI] 4.95 [1.51\u201316.26], P = 0.008) observed to influence CRT\u2010D response (Cr P = 0.03, BUN P = 0.009, Cys\u2010C P = 0.02). The positive rates of \u03b21\u2010AABs in patients with abnormal blood level of Cr, eGFR, Cys\u2010C, and NGAL were significantly higher than those with normal levels (P = 0.03, P = 0.02, P = 0.001, P = 0.007, respectively).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our study suggests that (1) the evaluation of \u03b21\u2010AAb is useful to identify responders to CRT\u2010D; (2) the presence of \u03b21\u2010AAbs is in relationship with elevated renal function parameters.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pace.12757","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,28]],"date-time":"2015-09-28T09:34:56Z","timestamp":1443432896000},"page":"65-72","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Autoantibodies against \u03b21\u2010Adrenergic Receptors: Response to Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy and Renal Function"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"ANTONIO","family":"MICHELUCCI","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence  Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"MARIO MILCO","family":"D'ELIOS","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Medical Pathology University of Florence  Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"ELENA","family":"STICCHI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence  Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"PAOLO","family":"PIERAGNOLI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence  Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"GIUSEPPE","family":"RICCIARDI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence  Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"CINZIA","family":"FATINI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence  Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"MARISA","family":"BENAGIANO","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Medical Pathology University of Florence  Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"ELENA","family":"NICCOLAI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Medical Pathology University of Florence  Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"ALESSIA","family":"GRASSI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Medical Pathology University of Florence  Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"PAOLA","family":"ATTAN\u00c0","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence  Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"MARTINA","family":"NESTI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence  Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"GINO","family":"GRIFONI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence  Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"LUIGI","family":"PADELETTI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence  Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"ROSANNA","family":"ABBATE","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence  Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"DOMENICO","family":"PRISCO","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Medical Pathology University of Florence  Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.793273"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa032423"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0906431"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1009540"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199612263352601"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa050496"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa013474"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2012.07.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","first-page":"1127","article-title":"Autoantibodies against the myocardial beta1\u2010adrenergic and M2\u2010muscarinic receptors in patients with congestive heart failure","volume":"115","author":"Zhang L","year":"2002","journal-title":"Chin Med J (Engl)"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1379","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI21748","article-title":"Anti\u2010beta(1)\u2010adrenergic receptor antibodies and heart failure: Causation, not just correlation","volume":"113","author":"Freedman NJ","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s000590050017"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.99.5.649"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2362.2006.01705.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.89.6.2760"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/02724570050031176"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjhf\/hfs082"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(00)01109-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2006.05.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.64.1.97"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI200420149"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI114888"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2007.02.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(00)00881-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-8703(05)80182-6"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","first-page":"216","article-title":"Autoantibodies against the beta1 adrenoreceptor detected by ELISA in chronic heart failure patients","volume":"16","author":"Duengen H\u2010D","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","first-page":"679","article-title":"A circulating IgG in Chagas' disease which binds to beta\u2010adrenoceptors of myocardium and modulates their activity","volume":"57","author":"Borda E","year":"1984","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8167.1994.tb01174.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4203","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.157.9.4203","article-title":"Structural and functional analysis of the B cell epitopes recognized by anti\u2010receptor autoantibodies in patients with Chagas' disease","volume":"157","author":"Elies R","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI116416"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1838(94)90064-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2828(08)80036-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.95.8.1979"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2005.05.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.08.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(93)90199-D"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00584260"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2012.06.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2004.08.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2005.08.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_41_1","first-page":"A163","article-title":"Quick determination of the optimal AV delay at rest in patients paced in DDD mode for complete AV block","volume":"4","author":"Ritter PH","year":"1994","journal-title":"Eur J CPE"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2005.11.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2005.10.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-139-2-200307150-00013"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_45_1","first-page":"874","volume-title":"Clinical Methods: The History, Physical, and Laboratory Examinations, 3rd Ed","author":"Hosten AO","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2005.02.068"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0004563214521795"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08916930802031710"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(93)90199-D"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_50_1","first-page":"3543","article-title":"Clinical evaluation of valsartan and metoprolol tartrate in treatment of diabetic nephropathy with positive \u03b21\u2010adrenergic and anti\u2010angiotensin II type 1 receptor antibody","volume":"125","author":"Zhao L","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chin Med J"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_51_1","first-page":"175","article-title":"Presence of autoantibodies against \u00df1\u2010adrenoceptor aggravates the kidney injury in rats","volume":"66","author":"Zuo L","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta Physiologica Sinica"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/ajkd.2002.34487"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MOH.0b013e3283411517"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2011.167494"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00365519950185076"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5414\/CNP70010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e318195846e"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000286352"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/1354750X.2011.587129"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjhf\/hfs123"}],"container-title":["Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fpace.12757","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/pace.12757","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,26]],"date-time":"2023-09-26T15:17:24Z","timestamp":1695741444000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/pace.12757"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,26]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/pace.12757"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/pace.12757","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0147-8389","1540-8159"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0147-8389","type":"print"},{"value":"1540-8159","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,26]]}}}