{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:17:28Z","timestamp":1787015848814,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,15]],"date-time":"2017-02-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1487116800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007859","name":"University of Kansas","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007859","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pacing Clinical Electrophis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Implantation of cardiac implanted electronic device (CIED) has surged lately. This resulted in a rise in cardiac device\u2010related infections (CDI) and inevitably, lead extractions. We examined the recent national trend in the incidence of CIED infections and lead extractions in hospitalized patients and associated mortality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample for the years 2003\u20132011 we identified patients diagnosed with a CDI\u2010associated infection as determined by discharge ICD\u20109 diagnostic codes. We examined the trend of device\u2010related infections overall and in different subgroups. We studied mortality associated with device infections, lead extractions, associated costs, and length of stay.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There is a significant increase in the number of hospitalizations due to CDI from 5,308 in the year 2003 to 9,948 in 2011. Males (68%), Caucasians (77%), and age group 65\u201384 years (56.4%) accounted for majority of CDI. The mortality associated with CDI was 4.5 %, and was worse in higher age groups (2.5% in 18\u201344 years compared to 5.3% in 85+ years, P &lt; 0.001). Average length of stay was unchanged over the years remaining at 13.6 days; however, mean hospitalization charges increased from $91,348 in 2003 to $173,211 in 2011 (P &lt; 0.001). Among all lead extraction procedures, the percentage of patients undergoing lead extraction secondary to CDI also increased from 2003 (59.1%) to 2011 (76.7%), P\u2010value &lt; 0.001.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Healthcare burden associated with CDI infections and associated lead extractions has significantly increased in the recent years. Despite an increase in cost associated with CIED infections, mortality remains the same, and is higher in older patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pace.13009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,13]],"date-time":"2017-01-13T15:13:22Z","timestamp":1484320402000},"page":"286-293","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":78,"title":["Cardiac Implantable Electronic Device\u2010Related Infection and Extraction Trends in the U.S."],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"ARUN RAGHAV MAHANKALI","family":"SRIDHAR","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Heart and Vascular Institute  Cleveland Clinic Cleveland Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"MADHAV","family":"LAVU","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Divison of Cardiovascular Diseases University of Kansas Medical Center and Hospital  Kansas City Kansas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"VIVEK","family":"YARLAGADDA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Atlanticare Medical Center  Atlantic City New Jersey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"MADHU","family":"REDDY","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Divison of Cardiovascular Diseases University of Kansas Medical Center and Hospital  Kansas City Kansas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"SAMPATH","family":"GUNDA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Divison of Cardiovascular Diseases University of Kansas Medical Center and Hospital  Kansas City Kansas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"RIZWAN","family":"AFZAL","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Divison of Cardiovascular Diseases University of Kansas Medical Center and Hospital  Kansas City Kansas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"DONITA","family":"ATKINS","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Divison of Cardiovascular Diseases University of Kansas Medical Center and Hospital  Kansas City Kansas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"RAKESH","family":"GOPINATHANAIR","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine University of Louisville  Louisville Kentucky"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"BUDDHADEB","family":"DAWN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Divison of Cardiovascular Diseases University of Kansas Medical Center and Hospital  Kansas City Kansas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"DHANUNJAYA R.","family":"LAKKIREDDY","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Divison of Cardiovascular Diseases University of Kansas Medical Center and Hospital  Kansas City Kansas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-007-0392-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8159.2009.02569.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2009.11.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8159.1994.tb03791.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.167.7.669"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/514673"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.678664"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2011.04.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/518889"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8159.2009.02565.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.936708"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2003.06.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8159.2000.tb00845.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","unstructured":"HCUPnet.Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP). 2006\u20102009. 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