{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:17:16Z","timestamp":1787015836577,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,3]],"date-time":"2017-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1488499200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pacing Clinical Electrophis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We hypothesized that survival in implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) and cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator (CRT\u2010D) patients is predicted by baseline Heart Rate Score.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Heart Rate Score is determined from the atrial paced and sensed histogram of a DDD ICD or CRT\u2010D, and defined as percent of beats in the histogram in the tallest 10 beats\/min range bin. It was calculated at initial remote monitoring for patients enrolled in LATITUDE\u00ae without persistent atrial fibrillation, and with pulse generators implanted in 2006\u20132011. Univariate, multivariate, and Kaplan\u2010Meier analyses determined the impact of Heart Rate Score on survival.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of 57,893 ICDs and 67,929 CRT\u2010Ds followed for 2.4 \u00b1 1.5 years, each 10% increase in Heart Rate Score was associated with decreased survival (CRT\u2010D hazard ratio [HR] 1.07 95%, confidence interval 1.06\u20131.07, P &lt; 0.0001; ICD HR 1.05, 95% confidence interval 1.04\u20131.06, P &lt; 0.0001). Multivariate analysis showed survival decreased with increasing age, atrial fibrillation, presence of a shock in first\u2010year follow\u2010up, and increasing programmed lower pacing rate in ICD and CRT\u2010D patients. Increased percent right ventricular pacing predicted mortality in ICD patients, while male gender and lower percent left ventricular pacing predicted mortality in CRT patients. Heart Rate Score predicted survival independent of those variables. Heart Rate Score correlates with heart rate variability (standard deviation of average R\u2010R intervals [SDANN]) when both are obtainable, but SDANN was only present in 6% of patients with Heart Rate Score &gt;70%.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A simple device histogram measure, Heart Rate Score, predicts survival in ICD and CRT\u2010D patients independent of the available variables, and even when SDANN is unavailable.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pace.13036","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,3]],"date-time":"2017-02-03T06:36:26Z","timestamp":1486103786000},"page":"333-343","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["A Device Histogram\u2010Based Simple Predictor of Mortality Risk in ICD and CRT\u2010D Patients: The Heart Rate Score"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"BRUCE L.","family":"WILKOFF","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cleveland Clinic Foundation  Cleveland Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"MARK","family":"RICHARDS","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northwest Ohio Cardiology Consultants ProMedica Cardiology  Toledo Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"ARJUN","family":"SHARMA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston Scientific  St. Paul Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"NICHOLAS","family":"WOLD","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston Scientific  St. Paul Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"PAUL","family":"JONES","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston Scientific  St. Paul 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