{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T14:45:37Z","timestamp":1768833937847,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,20]],"date-time":"2018-06-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1529452800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pacing Clinical Electrophis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) with or without left ventricular apical aneurysm (LVA) had been studied in the past. Midventricular obstruction associated with HCM and LVA is a unique entity that has not been distinguished previously as a separate phenotypic disease in HCM patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A systematic review of Pubmed and Google Scholar was conducted from inception until September 2017 for all observational studies conducted on HCM with midventricular obstruction and LVA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 94 patients from 39 studies were included in our analysis. The mean age of the patients was 58.05 \u00b1 11.76 years with 59.6% being males. The most common electrocardiographic finding was T wave inversion occurring in 13.8% of the cases followed by ST elevation (9.5%). Maximal left ventricle (LV) wall thickness was reported 18.89 \u00b1 5.19\u00a0mm on transthoracic echocardiography and paradoxical jet flow was detected in 29.8% of patients. Beta\u2010blockers (58.5%) were the most common drug therapy at baseline and amiodarone (10.6%) was the most common antiarrhythmic used for ventricular tachycardia (VT). The most common complication, VT, occurred in 39.3% of cases and the incidence of all\u2010cause mortality was 13.8 % over 16 \u00b1 20.1 months follow\u2010up. Implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) was used in 37.2% of patients; 25.7% of patients with ICD received appropriate shock therapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>HCM with LVA and midventricular obstruction is a unique entity that appears to be associated with high incidence of morbidity and mortality. Thus, early diagnosis and therapeutic intervention is recommended for management of this condition.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pace.13380","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,22]],"date-time":"2018-05-22T12:00:27Z","timestamp":1526990427000},"page":"854-865","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Left ventricular aneurysms in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with midventricular obstruction: A systematic review of literature"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7563-8338","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Moustafa O.","family":"Elsheshtawy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine Maimonides Medical Center  Brooklyn NY USA"},{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine Coney Island Hospital  Brooklyn NY 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